Monograph: Melatonin

 

 
 

Melatonin

Based on a systemic review of scientific literature edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration.

Melatonin is a hormone produced in the brain by the pineal gland from the amino acid tryptophan.The production and release of melatonin are stimulated by darkness and decreased by light, suggesting that melatonin is involved in circadian rhythm (the internal body clock) and regulation of diverse body functions. Levels of melatonin in the blood are highest prior to bedtime.

The most common use of melatonin is to aid sleep. The strongest evidence supporting the use of melatonin is for delayed sleep phase syndrome, insomnia in children and the elderly, jet lag and sleep problems in people with behavioral, developmental, or mental disorders. The weakest evidence in support of melatonin is for work shift sleep disorder. Good evidence in support of melatonin for other uses is lacking.

New drugs that block the effects of melatonin are being developed. These include BMS-214778 and luzindole, and they may have uses in various disorders.

Tradition/Theory 

Acetaminophen toxicity (painkiller overdose), acute respiratory distress syndrome (a severe lung condition causing difficult breathing), adaptogen (reduces sensitivity to stress), addiction, adrenal gland stimulation, aging (general), amenorrhea (lack of menstrual period), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (disease of nerve cells that control muscle movement), antioxidant, anxiety, arthritis, ataxia (muscle control problem), atopic dermatitis (scaly, itchy rashes), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autoimmune diseases, betablocker sleep disturbance, bipolar disorder, birth control, bladder disorders, bone diseases, bone healing, brain injuries, cachexia (weight loss/wasting from some diseases), cataracts, chemotherapy side effects, colic, dental conditions, dry skin, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (progressive muscle weakness), eating disorders, eczema (chronic skin inflammation), endometriosis (uterine cells growing in other body parts), erectile dysfunction, esophagitis (esophagus inflammation), exercise recovery, food uses, fragile X syndrome (genetic disorder causing mental disability), growth (growing pains), hair loss, hormone related problems, immune function, infant development/ neonatal care, interstitial cystitis (chronic bladder inflammation), intestinal worms, ischemia-reperfusion injury protection (tissue damage caused by lack of oxygen), itching, jaundice, jellyfish stings, kidney protection, liver protection, lung inflammation, malaria, melatonin deficiency, mental disorders, metabolic disorders (sugar breakdown disorder), mouth and throat inflammation, movement disorders, multiple sclerosis, nervous system disorders, nitrate tolerance (reduced effectiveness of nitrate treatment), noise-induced hearing loss, osteoporosis, ovarian disorders, pancreatitis (pancreas inflammation), parasite infection, phenylketonuria (amino acid breakdown disorder), polycystic ovarian syndrome (female sex hormone imbalance), poisoning (including heavy metals and alcohol), pregnancy support, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lungs), radiation protection, retinal protection, scalds, sepsis (severe response to infection), shock, skin pigmentation disorders, sleep apnea (breathing pauses during sleep), spinal cord injury, spine problems (abnormal curving), stress, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention, sun protection, swelling, testicular damage, tuberculosis (bacterial infection of lungs), uterine disorders, weight loss, Wilson’s disease (high copper levels), withdrawal from narcotics and wound healing.

Dosing 

Adults (18 years and older) 

The time of day that melatonin is taken is important. Melatonin impacts circadian rhythms (the internal clock) differently depending on whether it is taken in the morning, afternoon or early evening.

For age-related macular degeneration (vision loss with age), 3 milligrams of melatonin have been taken by mouth nightly before bedtime for six months.

To improve body temperature regulation in the elderly, 1.5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for two weeks.

For Alzheimer’s disease or cognitive decline, melatonin has been taken by mouth in doses of 1-10 milligrams daily for 10 days up to 35 months.

For inflammation, melatonin has been taken by mouth in doses of 10 milligrams nightly for six months or 5 milligrams the night before and one hour before surgery.

For asthma, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for four weeks.

For withdrawal from benzodiazepines (antianxiety agents), doses of 1-5 milligrams have been taken by mouth daily for from several weeks up to one year.

For cancer, melatonin has been taken by mouth in doses of 1-40 milligrams daily, with 20 milligrams being most common, for several weeks to months. Melatonin has been applied to the skin.

For chronic fatigue syndrome, 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth five hours before bed for three months.

For COPD (chronic lung disorder causing breathing difficulty), 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly two hours before bed for three months.

For circadian rhythm sleep disorders in people with and without vision problems, melatonin has been taken by mouth as a single dose of 0.5-5 milligrams before bed or as a daily dose for one to three months.

For delayed sleep phase syndrome, melatonin has been taken by mouth in doses of 0. 3-6 milligrams, with 5 milligrams being most common, daily before sleeping for two weeks to three months.

For delirium, 0.5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for up to 14 days.

For depression, 6 milligrams of slowrelease melatonin has been taken by mouth at bedtime for four weeks.

For exercise performance, 5-6 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth one hour before exercise or before bedtime.

For fertility, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly from the third to fifth day of the menstrual cycle until hormone injection (human chorionic gonadotropin, HCG) or on the day of hormone injection.

For fibromyalgia, 3-5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for four weeks to 60 days.

For stomach and intestine disorders, 3-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for two to 12 weeks.

For headache, 2-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for 14 days to eight weeks.

For liver inflammation, 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth twice daily for 12 weeks.

For high blood pressure, melatonin has been taken by mouth in doses of 1-5 milligrams either as a single dose during the day or before bedtime, or daily for one to three months.

For high cholesterol, 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for two months.

For insomnia in the elderly, melatonin has been taken by mouth in doses of 0.1-5 milligrams or two hours before bedtime for several months, in the form of melatoninrich night milk or slow-release Circadin. A dose of 0.5 milligrams has been placed in the cheek for four nights.

For jet lag, 0.1-8 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth on the day of travel (close to target bedtime at destination), then daily for several days, in the form of standard or slow-release melatonin (Circadin).

For memory, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth before testing.

For menopause, three milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly at bedtime for three to six months.

For Parkinson’s disease, doses of 3-50 milligrams have been taken by mouth nightly before bed for two to 10 weeks. (High doses of 3-6.6 grams of melatonin have also been taken by mouth daily; however, these doses were used in an older 1972 study and are no longer in use.)

For periodic limb movement disorder, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for six weeks.

For REM sleep behavior disorder, 3-12 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for four weeks.

For restless leg syndrome, a single dose of 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth.

For sarcoidosis (chronic widespread inflammation), 20 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for one year, then decreased to 10 milligrams for a second year.

For muscle movement problems in people with schizophrenia, 2-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily.

For seasonal affective disorder (SAD), 2 milligrams of sustained-release melatonin has been taken by mouth one to two hours nightly for three weeks. A dose of 0.5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken under the tongue for six days.

For seizure disorders, doses of melatonin taken by mouth were 3-10 milligrams daily for two to four weeks to three months.

For sleep (general), doses of melatonin taken by mouth were 0.3-10 milligrams.

For sleep disorders in people with behavioral, developmental, or mental disorders, 0. 1-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for up to one year.

For sleep disturbance in Alzheimer’s disease, 1. 5-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for 10 days to 35 months, together with light exposure or in the form of capsules.

For sleep disturbance in those with asthma, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for four weeks.

For sleep disturbance in those with autism, 0.75-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken nightly before bedtime for two weeks to six months.

For sleep disturbance in those with COPD, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly.

For sleep disturbance in those with cystic fibrosis, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly at bedtime for 21 days.

For sleep disturbance in those with depression, 0.5-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for three to four weeks, in addition to regular therapy.

For sleep disturbance in healthy people, 0. 1-80 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth, generally nightly before Bed for one or several days up to 26 weeks.A dose of 50 milligrams has been injected into the vein.

For sleep disturbance in people undergoing hemodialysis, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for six weeks.

For sleep disturbance in hospitalized and medically ill people, 3-5.4 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly.

For sleep disturbance in people with a learning disability, 0.5-9 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for 32-73 days.

For sleep disturbance in those with Parkinson’s disease, 3-50 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth at bedtime for two to four weeks.

For sleep disturbance after surgery, 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for three nights.

For sleep disturbance in people with mental disorders, 2-12 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily before resting for up to 12 weeks.

For sleep disturbance in people with traumatic brain injury, 5 milligrams of melatonin can been taken by mouth for one month.

For sleep disturbance in people with tuberous sclerosis complex (a genetic disorder causing tumors to grow in brain and other organs), 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken 20 minutes before bed for two weeks.

For smokers, 0.3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth 3.5 hours after nicotine withdrawal.

For surgery, 3-15 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth or placed under the tongue, and 0.05-0.2 milligrams per kilogram has been placed under the tongue, either alone or with other sedatives, typically 90 minutes before surgery or the night before and 90 minutes before surgery.

For anxiety or sedation before surgery, 3-10 milligrams and/or 0.05-0.5 milligrams per kilogram of melatonin have been injected into the vein, either alone or with other sedatives before surgery.

For tardive dyskinesia (uncontrolled, repetitive movements), 2-20 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth for four to 12 weeks.

For low platelets, 20 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for two months.

For ringing in the ears, 3 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for up to 80 days.

For ulcers, 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth twice daily for 21 days together with other medications.

For nighttime urination, 2 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for four weeks.

For work shift sleep disorder, 1.8-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth up to three times daily for up to six days before daytime sleep after a night shift.

For skin sun damage, melatonin has been applied to the skin in the form of a gel (20- 100 milligrams of melatonin in 70 percent ethanol, in concentrations of 0.05-0.5 percent in 0.12 milliliters of gel); 0.6 milligrams per meter squared from 15 minutes before to 240 minutes after sun exposure, alone or with vitamins C and E; 5 percent melatonin in ethanol, propylene glycol and water; and 5.85 microliters of solutions containing 1.2-5 percent melatonin, alone or with vitamins C and E. 

Children (under 18 years old) 

There is limited research on melatonin supplements in children, and their safety is not established. Melatonin may increase seizure risks in children; caution is advised, and use of melatonin should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

For inflammation or respiratory distress syndrome in newborns, 10 doses of melatonin (10 milligrams per kilogram) have been given, with two hours in between the first four doses, four hours in between the fifth and sixth doses, eight hours in between the seventh and eighth doses and 12 hours in between the ninth and tenth doses.

For circadian rhythm sleep disorders in children with and without vision problems, 3-12 milligrams of melatonin has been taken daily by mouth for eight weeks.

For delayed sleep phase syndrome, 3-6 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for 10-28 days.

For insomnia, 1-5 milligrams of melatonin have been taken by mouth once nightly for up to two months. Doses of 0. 05-0.15 milligrams per kilogram of melatonin have been taken by mouth every night for one week.

For Rett’s syndrome, 2.5-7.5 milligrams has been taken by mouth once daily at bedtime for up to two years.

For sedation, 3-6 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth 10 minutes before standard sedation.

For seizure disorder, 1.5-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth daily for two weeks to three months.

For sepsis (severe response to infection), two 10-milligram doses, separated by one hour, have been taken by mouth 12 hours after diagnosis.

For sleep disorders in children with behavioral, developmental, or mental disorders, 0. 1-10 milligrams has been taken by mouth daily for one week to 72 months.

For sleep disturbance, 2-10 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly before bedtime for four weeks to three months.

For surgery, 0.1-0.5 milligrams per kilogram of melatonin has been taken by mouth in one to three doses before surgery, with standard painkillers or anesthesia.

For nighttime urination, 5 milligrams of melatonin has been taken by mouth nightly for three months.

For pain, a single dose of 10 milligrams per kilogram of melatonin has been injected into the vein.

Safety 

Allergies 

Avoid known allergies or sensitivity to melatonin or related products. Melatonin has been linked to allergic skin reactions and autoimmune hepatitis (liver inflammation caused by immune cells attacking the liver).

Side Effects & Warnings 

Melatonin is likely safe when taken by mouth in commonly studied doses for up to three months, typically 1-20 milligrams. In children, melatonin is likely safe for long-term use in recommended doses.

Melatonin may cause abnormal heartbeat, aggression, amnesia, bedwetting (in children), body pain, changes in body temperature or feeling cold, changes in cholesterol levels, changes in the immune system, chest pain, confusion, decreased sperm count, delusions, disorientation, dizziness, eye damage or glaucoma (increased eye pressure), fatigue or irregular sleep-wake schedule, fogginess, hallucinations, headache, hormonal effects, hyperactivity, increased heart rate, increased seizure risk (particularly in children), inflammation, insomnia, irritability, mood changes, muscle control problems or weakness, musculoskeletal disorders, nightmares, nighttime awakening, poor sleep quality, psychotic symptoms, skin reactions (flushing, itching, painful lumps, paleness, and rash), sleepwalking, slow reaction time, stomach or intestinal disorders (changes in appetite, cramping, diarrhea, esophagus inflammation, nausea, odd taste in the mouth, stomach pain, and vomiting), vivid dreaming, weakness, worsened behavior and yawning.

Melatonin may affect blood pressure. Caution is advised in people taking drugs, herbs, or supplements that affect blood pressure.

Melatonin may affect blood sugar levels.Caution is advised in people with diabetes or low blood sugar and those taking drugs, herbs, or supplements that affect blood sugar. Blood sugar levels may need to be monitored by a qualified health care professional, including a pharmacist, and medication adjustments may be necessary.

Melatonin may affect the risk of clotting.Caution is advised in people with bleeding or clotting disorders and those taking drugs that may affect bleeding. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.

Drowsiness or sedation may occur. Use caution in people who are driving or operating heavy machinery (including aircraft) and those taking depressants, stimulants, or sedatives.

Melatonin may interfere with the way the body processes certain drugs using the liver’s cytochrome P450 enzyme system.

Beware of people who have or are at risk of changes in hormone levels, eye disorders, frequently feeling cold, genital or urinary disorders (including children with a history of bedwetting), heart disease, hyperactivity, immune disorders, inflammatory disorders, mental disorders, muscle control problems, nervous system disorders, seizures, skin disorders and stomach and intestinal problems.

Use cautiously in people taking agents that affect the immune system, anti-inflammatory agents, or hormonal agents.

Use cautiously in breastfeeding women, due to a lack of safety information.

Avoid in women who are pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Melatonin may decrease sex drive, increase the risk of developmental disorders, and reduce ovarian function.

Avoid in people with known allergy or sensitivity to melatonin or related products.

Pregnancy & Breast Feeding 

Overall, there is a lack of high quality scientific evidence on the use of melatonin during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Use cautiously in breastfeeding women, due to a lack of safety information.

Avoid in women who are pregnant or trying to get pregnant. Melatonin may decrease sex drive, increase the risk of developmental disorders, and reduce ovarian function.

Interactions 

Interactions with Drugs 

Note: This section discusses both melatonin in the body and melatonin from other sources, and the effects of other agents on melatonin and when taken with melatonin.

Many drugs may lower natural melatonin levels in the body. These include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, including ibuprofen [Motrin, Advil] or naproxen [Naprosyn, Aleve]), beta-blocker blood pressure medications (including propranolol [Inderal], atenolol [Tenormin], and metoprolol [Lopressor, Toprol]), and agents that lower levels of vitamin B6 in the body (including birth control, hormone replacement therapy, loop diuretics, hydralazine, and theophylline). Other agents that may affect melatonin levels include caffeine, diazepam, estradiol, somatostatin, temazepam, verapamil, and vitamin B12. Melatonin may affect the risk of clotting.Caution is advised in people with bleeding or clotting disorders and those taking drugs that may affect bleeding or clotting. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.

Melatonin may affect blood sugar levels.Caution is advised when using medications that may also affect blood sugar. People taking drugs for diabetes by mouth or insulin should be monitored closely by a qualified health care professional, including a pharmacist.Medication adjustments may be necessary.

Melatonin may affect blood pressure.Caution is advised in people taking drugs that may affect blood pressure. 

Melatonin can interfere with the way the body processes certain drugs using the liver’s cytochrome P450 enzyme system. As a result, the levels of these drugs may be altered in the blood and may cause altered effects or potentially serious adverse reactions. People using any medications should check the package insert and speak with a qualified healthcare professional, including a pharmacist, about possible interactions.

Melatonin may increase the amount of drowsiness caused by some drugs. Examples include benzodiazepines such as lorazepam (Ativan) or diazepam (Valium), barbiturates such as phenobarbital, narcotics such as codeine, some antidepressants, and alcohol. Caution is advised while driving or operating machinery.

Melatonin may also interact with ACE inhibitors, agents passed by the kidneys, agents that affect blood vessel width, agents that affect GABA, agents that affect the immune system, agents that affect the nervous system, agents that harm the liver, agents that increase seizure risk, agents that increase urine flow, agents that protect against radiation, agents that regulate body temperature, agents that treat Parkinson’s disease, agents that treat seizures, alcohol, Alzheimer’s agents, anesthetics, antiaging agents, antiarthritis agents, antiasthma agents, anticancer agents, anti-inflammatory agents, antiparasite agents, antipsychotic agents, antiulcer agents, antivirals, anxiety agents, birth control, caffeine, calcium channel blockers, cholesterol-lowering agents, cognitive agents, dental agents, dextromethorphan, ear agents, epithalamin, estrogens, exercise performance agents, eye agents, fertility agents, flumazenil, genital and urinary disorder agents, glaucoma agents, headache agents, heart agents, heart rate-regulating agents, hormonal agents, isoniazid, lithium, lung agents, magnetic fields, methamphetamines, methoxamine, musculoskeletal agents, neuromuscular blockers, opioids, osteoporosis agents, pain relievers, remifentanil, sevoflurane, skin agents, stomach agents, tacrine, thyroid hormones, vaccines, valproic acid and weight loss agents.

Interactions with Herbs & Dietary 

Supplements 

Note: This section discusses both melatonin in the body and melatonin from other sources, and the effects of other agents on melatonin and when taken with melatonin. Many drugs may lower natural melatonin levels in the body. These include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, including ibuprofen [Motrin, Advil] or naproxen [Naprosyn, Aleve]), beta-blocker blood pressure medications (including propranolol [Inderal], atenolol [Tenormin], and metoprolol [Lopressor, Toprol]), and agents that lower levels of vitamin B6 in the body (including birth control, hormone replacement therapy, loop diuretics, hydralazine, and theophylline). Other agents that may affect melatonin levels include caffeine, diazepam, estradiol, somatostatin, temazepam, verapamil and vitamin B12.

Melatonin may affect the risk of clotting. Caution is advised in people with bleeding or clotting disorders and those taking herbs and supplements that may affect bleeding or clotting. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.

Melatonin may affect blood sugar levels.Caution is advised when using herbs or supplements that may also affect blood sugar.Blood glucose levels may require monitoring, and doses may need adjustment.

Melatonin may affect blood pressure.Caution is advised in people taking herbs or supplements that affect blood pressure.

Melatonin may interfere with the way the body processes certain herbs or supplements using the liver’s cytochrome P450 enzyme system. As a result, the levels of other herbs or supplements may alter in the blood. It may also alter the effects that other herbs or supplements possibly have on the cytochrome P450 system.

Melatonin may increase the amount of drowsiness caused by some herbs or supplements.

Melatonin may also interact with 5-HTP, ACE inhibitors, Alzheimer’s herbs and supplements, anesthetics, anti-aging herbs and supplements, anti-arthritis herbs and supplements, antiasthma herbs and supplements, anticancer herbs and supplements, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory herbs and supplements, antioxidants, anti-parasite herbs and supplements, antipsychotic herbs and supplements, antiulcer herbs and supplements, antivirals, anxiety herbs and supplements, birth control, caffeine-containing herbs and supplements, chasteberry, cholesterol-lowering herbs and supplements, cognitive herbs and supplements, dental herbs and supplements, DHEA, ear herbs and supplements, echinacea, exercise performance herbs and supplements, eye herbs and supplements, fertility herbs and supplements, folate, GABA, genital and urinary disorder herbs and supplements, glaucoma herbs and supplements, headache herbs and supplements, heart herbs and supplements, heart rate-regulating herbs and supplements, herbs and supplements passed by the kidneys, herbs and supplements that affect blood vessel width, herbs and supplements that affect GABA, herbs and supplements that affect the immune system, herbs and supplements that affect the nervous system, herbs and supplements that increase seizure risk, herbs and supplements that increase urine flow, herbs and supplements that protect against radiation, herbs and supplements that regulate body temperature, herbs and supplements that treat Parkinson’s disease, herbs and supplements that treat seizures, hormonal herbs and supplements, light therapy, lithium, liver herbs and supplements, lung herbs and supplements, magnetic fields, meditation, musculoskeletal herbs and supplements, music therapy, neuromuscular blockers, osteoporosis herbs and supplements, pain relievers, phytoestrogens, skin herbs and supplements, stomach herbs and supplements, thyroid hormones and weight loss herbs and supplements.

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52. Uluocak, N., Atilgan, D., Erdemir, F., Parlaktas, B. S., Yasar, A., Erkorkmaz, U., and Akbas, A. An animal model of ischemic priapism and the effects of melatonin on antioxidant enzymes and oxidative injury parameters in rat penis. Int.Urol.Nephrol. 2010;42(4):889-895. View Abstract
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54. Kumar, A. and Singh, A. Possible involvement of GABAergic mechanism in protective effect of melatonin against sleep deprivation-induced behaviour modification and oxidative damage in mice. Fundam.Clin.Pharmacol. 2009;23(4):439-448. View Abstract
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56. Venkataraman, P., Krishnamoorthy, G., Selvakumar, K., and Arunakaran, J. Oxidative stress alters creatine kinase system in serum and brain regions of polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254)-exposed rats: protective role of melatonin. Basic Clin.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 2009;105(2):92-97. View Abstract
57. Wisessmith, W., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P., and Chetsawang, B. Melatonin reduces induction of Bax, caspase and cell death in methamphetamine-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(4):433-440. View Abstract
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60. Pei, M., He, F., Wei, L., and Rawson, A. Melatonin enhances cartilage matrix synthesis by porcine articular chondrocytes. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):181-187. View Abstract
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62. Kim, T. H., Jung, J. A., Kim, G. D., Jang, A. H., Ahn, H. J., Park, Y. S., and Park, C. S. Melatonin inhibits the development of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(4):324-329. View Abstract
63. Hassler, F., Duck, A., Reis, O., and Buchmann, J. [Alternative agents used in ADHD]. Z.Kinder Jugendpsychiatr.Psychother. 2009;37(1):13-24, quiz. View Abstract
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66. Maldonado, M. D., Perez-San-Gregorio, M. A., and Reiter, R. J. The role of melatonin in the immuno-neuro-psychology of mental disorders. Recent Pat CNS.Drug Discov. 2009;4(1):61-69. View Abstract
67. Nierenberg, A. A. Low-dose buspirone, melatonin and low-dose bupropion added to mood stabilizers for severe treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Psychother.Psychosom. 2009;78(6):391-393. View Abstract
68. Maurizi, C. P. A preliminary understanding of mania: roles for melatonin, vasotocin and rapid-eye-movement sleep. Med Hypotheses 2000;54(1):26-29. View Abstract
69. Nurnberger, J. I., Jr., Adkins, S., Lahiri, D. K., Mayeda, A., Hu, K., Lewy, A., Miller, A., Bowman, E. S., Miller, M. J., Rau, L., Smiley, C., and Davis-Singh, D. Melatonin suppression by light in euthymic bipolar and unipolar patients. Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 2000;57(6):572-579. View Abstract
70. Etain, B., Dumaine, A., Bellivier, F., Pagan, C., Francelle, L., Goubran-Botros, H., Moreno, S., Deshommes, J., Moustafa, K., Le, Dudal K., Mathieu, F., Henry, C., Kahn, J. P., Launay, J. M., Muhleisen, T. W., Cichon, S., Bourgeron, T., Leboyer, M., and Jamain, S. Genetic and functional abnormalities of the melatonin biosynthesis pathway in patients with bipolar disorder. Hum.Mol.Genet. 9-15-2012;21(18):4030-4037. View Abstract
71. Onur, R., Ozcan, M., Tuygun, U., Ozan, T., Ayar, A., and Orhan, I. Effects of combined use of trospium chloride and melatonin on in vitro contractility of rat urinary bladder. Urology 2010;75(4):873-877. View Abstract
72. Abdel-Wanis, M. E. and Tsuchiya, H. Melatonin deficiency and fibrous dysplasia: might a relation exist? Med Hypotheses 2002;59(5):552-554. View Abstract
73. Kamath, S. and Bhagwandas, K. Nail-patella syndrome with an emphasis on the risk of renal and ocular findings. Pediatr.Dermatol. 2010;27(1):95-97. View Abstract
74. Munoz, F., Lopez-Pena, M., Mino, N., Gomez-Moreno, G., Guardia, J., and Cutando, A. Topical application of melatonin and growth hormone accelerates bone healing around dental implants in dogs. Clin.Implant.Dent.Relat Res. 2012;14(2):226-235. View Abstract
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76. Calvo-Guirado, J. L., Gomez-Moreno, G., Barone, A., Cutando, A., Alcaraz-Banos, M., Chiva, F., Lopez-Mari, L., and Guardia, J. Melatonin plus porcine bone on discrete calcium deposit implant surface stimulates osteointegration in dental implants. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(2):164-172. View Abstract
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78. Li, Z. Q., Liang, G. B., Xue, Y. X., and Liu, Y. H. Effects of combination treatment of dexamethasone and melatonin on brain injury in intracerebral hemorrhage model in rats. Brain Res. 4-6-2009;1264:98-103. View Abstract
79. Lee, S., Jadhav, V., Ayer, R. E., Rojas, H., Hyong, A., Lekic, T., Tang, J., and Zhang, J. H. Dual effects of melatonin on oxidative stress after surgical brain injury in rats. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(1):43-48. View Abstract
80. Samantaray, S., Das, A., Thakore, N. P., Matzelle, D. D., Reiter, R. J., Ray, S. K., and Banik, N. L. Therapeutic potential of melatonin in traumatic central nervous system injury. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(2):134-142. View Abstract
81. Persson, C., Glimelius, B., Ronnelid, J., and Nygren, P. Impact of fish oil and melatonin on cachexia in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer: a randomized pilot study. Nutrition 2005;21(2):170-178. View Abstract
82. Mattox, T. W. Treatment of unintentional weight loss in patients with cancer. Nutr Clin Pract. 2005;20(4):400-410. View Abstract
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84. Zupancic, D., Vidmar, G., and Jezernik, K. Melatonin prevents the development of hyperplastic urothelium induced by repeated doses of cyclophosphamide. Virchows Arch. 2009;454(6):657-666. View Abstract
85. Pacini, N. and Borziani, F. Action of melatonin on bone marrow depression induced by cyclophosphamide in acute toxicity phase. Neuro.Endocrinol.Lett. 2009;30(5):582-591. View Abstract
86. Ilbey, Y. O., Ozbek, E., Simsek, A., Otunctemur, A., Cekmen, M., and Somay, A. Potential chemoprotective effect of melatonin in cyclophosphamide- and cisplatin-induced testicular damage in rats. Fertil.Steril. 2009;92(3):1124-1132. View Abstract
87. Dziegiel, P., Suder, E., Surowiak, P., Jethon, Z., Rabczynski, J., Januszewska, L., Sopel, M., and Zabel, M. Role of exogenous melatonin in reducing the nephrotoxic effect of daunorubicin and doxorubicin in the rat. J Pineal Res 2002;33(2):95-100. View Abstract
88. Dziegiel, P., Jethon, Z., Suder, E., Sopel, M., Rabczynski, J., Surowiak, P., and Zabel, M. Role of exogenous melatonin in reducing the cardiotoxic effect of daunorubicin and doxorubicin in the rat. Exp.Toxicol.Pathol. 2002;53(6):433-439. View Abstract
89. Dziegiel, P., Surowiak, P., Rabczynski, J., and Zabel, M. Effect of melatonin on cytotoxic effects of daunorubicin on myocardium and on transplantable Morris hepatoma in rats. Pol.J Pathol. 2002;53(4):201-204. View Abstract
90. Bubenik, G. A. Gastrointestinal melatonin: localization, function, and clinical relevance. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2002;47(10):2336-2348. View Abstract
91. Morganti, P., Fabrizi, G., Palombo, P., Palombo, M., Guarneri, F., Cardillo, A., and Morganti, G. New chitin complexes and their anti-aging activity from inside out. J.Nutr.Health Aging 2012;16(3):242-245. View Abstract
92. Chahbouni, M., Escames, G., Venegas, C., Sevilla, B., Garcia, J. A., Lopez, L. C., Munoz-Hoyos, A., Molina-Carballo, A., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Melatonin treatment normalizes plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitrosative/oxidative stress in patients suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(3):282-289. View Abstract
93. Chahbouni, M., Escames, G., Lopez, L. C., Sevilla, B., Doerrier, C., Munoz-Hoyos, A., Molina-Carballo, A., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Melatonin treatment counteracts the hyperoxidative status in erythrocytes of patients suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Clin.Biochem. 2011;44(10-11):853-858. View Abstract
94. Papezova, H., Yamamotova, A., and Nedvidkova, J. Pain modulation role of melatonin in eating disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2001;16(1):68-70. View Abstract
95. Tortosa, F., Puig-Domingo, M., Peinado, M. A., Oriola, J., Webb, S. M., and de Leiva, A. Enhanced circadian rhythm of melatonin in anorexia nervosa. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989;120(5):574-578. View Abstract
96. Arushanian, E. B., Al Absi, J. M., and Chebotarev, V. V. [The therapeutic activity of melatonin and its effect on immunological parameters of patients with eczema]. Eksp.Klin.Farmakol. 2003;66(3):59-61. View Abstract
97. Yildirim, G., Attar, R., Ozkan, F., Kumbak, B., Ficicioglu, C., and Yesildaglar, N. The effects of letrozole and melatonin on surgically induced endometriosis in a rat model: a preliminary study. Fertil.Steril. 2010;93(6):1787-1792. View Abstract
98. Soares, S. R., Martinez-Varea, A., Hidalgo-Mora, J. J., and Pellicer, A. Pharmacologic therapies in endometriosis: a systematic review. Fertil.Steril. 2012;98(3):529-555. View Abstract
99. Gur, S., Kadowitz, P. J., and Hellstrom, W. J. A critical appraisal of erectile function in animal models of diabetes mellitus. Int.J.Androl 2009;32(2):93-114. View Abstract
100. Konturek, S. J., Konturek, P. C., Brzozowski, T., and Bubenik, G. A. Role of melatonin in upper gastrointestinal tract. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;58 Suppl 6:23-52. View Abstract
101. Lahiri, S., Singh, P., Singh, S., Rasheed, N., Palit, G., and Pant, K. K. Melatonin protects against experimental reflux esophagitis. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):207-213. View Abstract
102. Ayaz, M. and Okudan, N. Effects of melatonin supplementation on exercise-induced changes in conduction velocity distributions. Methods Find.Exp.Clin.Pharmacol. 2009;31(3):151-156. View Abstract
103. Gulcin, I., Buyukokuroglu, M. E., Oktay, M., and Kufrevioglu, O. I. On the in vitro antioxidative properties of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2002;33(3):167-171. View Abstract
104. Romero-Zerbo, Y., Decara, J., el, Bekay R., Sanchez-Salido, L., Del Arco-Herrera, I., de Fonseca, F. R., and de Diego-Otero, Y. Protective effects of melatonin against oxidative stress in Fmr1 knockout mice: a therapeutic research model for the fragile X syndrome. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):224-234. View Abstract
105. Makay, B. Is there a role of melatonin in the development of growing pains? Med.Hypotheses 2009;72(2):225. View Abstract
106. El Sokkary, G. H., Omar, H. M., Hassanein, A. F., Cuzzocrea, S., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin reduces oxidative damage and increases survival of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Free Radic.Biol.Med 2-15-2002;32(4):319-332. View Abstract
107. Hong, R. T., Xu, J. M., and Mei, Q. Melatonin ameliorates experimental hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. World J.Gastroenterol. 3-28-2009;15(12):1452-1458. View Abstract
108. Shaker, M. E., Houssen, M. E., Abo-Hashem, E. M., and Ibrahim, T. M. Comparison of vitamin E, L-carnitine and melatonin in ameliorating carbon tetrachloride and diabetes induced hepatic oxidative stress. J Physiol Biochem. 2009;65(3):225-233. View Abstract
109. Tahan, V., Atug, O., Akin, H., Eren, F., Tahan, G., Tarcin, O., Uzun, H., Ozdogan, O., Tarcin, O., Imeryuz, N., Ozguner, F., Celikel, C., Avsar, E., and Tozun, N. Melatonin ameliorates methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(4):401-407. View Abstract
110. Hu, S., Yin, S., Jiang, X., Huang, D., and Shen, G. Melatonin protects against alcoholic liver injury by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 8-15-2009;616(1-3):287-292. View Abstract
111. Ohta, Y., Kongo, M., and Kishikawa, T. Melatonin exerts a therapeutic effect on cholestatic liver injury in rats with bile duct ligation. J Pineal Res 2003;34(2):119-126. View Abstract
112. Wu, W., Zhang, G., Wang, Y., and He, C. [The change of serum melatonin and diagnosis value in hepatic encephalopathy]. Zhonghua Gan Zang.Bing.Za Zhi 2000;8(5):272-273. View Abstract
113. Maldonado, M. D., Mora-Santos, M., Naji, L., Carrascosa-Salmoral, M. P., Naranjo, M. C., and Calvo, J. R. Evidence of melatonin synthesis and release by mast cells. Possible modulatory role on inflammation. Pharmacol.Res. 2010;62(3):282-287. View Abstract
114. Lin, G. J., Huang, S. H., Chen, Y. W., Hueng, D. Y., Chien, M. W., Chia, W. T., Chang, D. M., and Sytwu, H. K. Melatonin prolongs islet graft survival in diabetic NOD mice. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(3):284-292. View Abstract
115. Yang, F. L., Subeq, Y. M., Lee, C. J., Lee, R. P., Peng, T. C., and Hsu, B. G. Melatonin ameliorates hemorrhagic shock-induced organ damage in rats. J.Surg.Res. 5-15-2011;167(2):e315-e321. View Abstract
116. Imashuku, S., Morimoto, Y., Morimoto, A., Yamamoto, T., Hibi, S., and Todo, S. Pineal dysfunction (low melatonin production) as a cause of sudden death in a long-term survivor of Langerhans cell histiocytosis? Med Pediatr.Oncol. 2003;41(2):151-153. View Abstract
117. Gitto, E., Pellegrino, S., Gitto, P., Barberi, I., and Reiter, R. J. Oxidative stress of the newborn in the pre- and postnatal period and the clinical utility of melatonin. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):128-139. View Abstract
118. Tian, X. Z., Wen, Q., Shi, J. M., Liang, Wang, Zeng, S. M., Tian, J. H., Zhou, G. B., Zhu, S. E., and Liu, G. S. Effects of melatonin on in vitro development of mouse two-cell embryos cultured in HTF medium. Endocr.Res. 2010;35(1):17-23. View Abstract
119. Dominguez-Rodriguez, A., Abreu-Gonzalez, P., Garcia-Gonzalez, M. J., Kaski, J. C., Reiter, R. J., and Jimenez-Sosa, A. A unicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study of Melatonin as an Adjunct in patients with acute myocaRdial Infarction undergoing primary Angioplasty The Melatonin Adjunct in the acute myocaRdial Infarction treated with Angioplasty (MARIA) trial: study design and rationale. Contemp.Clin Trials 2007;28(4):532-539. View Abstract
120. Zaouali, M. A., Ben, Abdennebi H., Padrissa-Altes, S., Mahfoudh-Boussaid, A., and Rosello-Catafau, J. Pharmacological strategies against cold ischemia reperfusion injury. Expert.Opin.Pharmacother. 2010;11(4):537-555. View Abstract
121. Guo, Y., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Yang, Y., Wang, X., and Duan, Q. Melatonin protects N2a against ischemia/reperfusion injury through autophagy enhancement. J.Huazhong.Univ Sci.Technolog.Med.Sci. 2010;30(1):1-7. View Abstract
122. Ersoz, N., Guven, A., Cayci, T., Uysal, B., Turk, E., Oztas, E., Akgul, E. O., Korkmaz, A., and Cetiner, S. Comparison of the efficacy of melatonin and 1400W on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury: a role for inhibiting iNOS. Ren Fail. 2009;31(8):704-710. View Abstract
123. Petrosillo, G., Colantuono, G., Moro, N., Ruggiero, F. M., Tiravanti, E., Di, Venosa N., Fiore, T., and Paradies, G. Melatonin protects against heart ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Am.J.Physiol Heart Circ.Physiol 2009;297(4):H1487-H1493. View Abstract
124. Li, Z., Nickkholgh, A., Yi, X., Bruns, H., Gross, M. L., Hoffmann, K., Mohr, E., Zorn, M., Buchler, M. W., and Schemmer, P. Melatonin protects kidney grafts from ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of NF-kB and apoptosis after experimental kidney transplantation. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(4):365-372. View Abstract
125. Kesik, V., Guven, A., Vurucu, S., Tunc, T., Uysal, B., Gundogdu, G., Oztas, E., and Korkmaz, A. Melatonin and 1400 W ameliorate both intestinal and remote organ injury following mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion. J.Surg.Res. 2009;157(1):e97-e105. View Abstract
126. Sokullu, O., Sanioglu, S., Kurc, E., Sargin, M., Deniz, H., Tartan, Z., Aka, S. A., and Bilgen, F. Does the circadian rhythm of melatonin affect ischemia-reperfusion injury after coronary artery bypass grafting? Heart Surg.Forum 2009;12(2):E95-E99. View Abstract
127. Kurcer, Z., Hekimoglu, A., Aral, F., Baba, F., and Sahna, E. Effect of melatonin on epididymal sperm quality after testicular ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Fertil.Steril. 3-15-2010;93(5):1545-1549. View Abstract
128. Wang, X., Figueroa, B. E., Stavrovskaya, I. G., Zhang, Y., Sirianni, A. C., Zhu, S., Day, A. L., Kristal, B. S., and Friedlander, R. M. Methazolamide and melatonin inhibit mitochondrial cytochrome C release and are neuroprotective in experimental models of ischemic injury. Stroke 2009;40(5):1877-1885. View Abstract
129. Sung, J. H., Cho, E. H., Kim, M. O., and Koh, P. O. Identification of proteins differentially expressed by melatonin treatment in cerebral ischemic injury–a proteomics approach. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(3):300-306. View Abstract
130. Diez, E. R., Prados, L. V., Carrion, A., Ponce, Z. A., and Miatello, R. M. A novel electrophysiologic effect of melatonin on ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):155-160. View Abstract
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132. Baykara, B., Tekmen, I., Pekcetin, C., Ulukus, C., Tuncel, P., Sagol, O., Ormen, M., and Ozogul, C. The protective effects of carnosine and melatonin in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat liver. Acta Histochem. 2009;111(1):42-51. View Abstract
133. Liang, R., Nickkholgh, A., Hoffmann, K., Kern, M., Schneider, H., Sobirey, M., Zorn, M., Buchler, M. W., and Schemmer, P. Melatonin protects from hepatic reperfusion injury through inhibition of IKK and JNK pathways and modification of cell proliferation. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(1):8-14. View Abstract
134. Hamada, F., Watanabe, K., Wakatsuki, A., Nagai, R., Shinohara, K., Hayashi, Y., Imamura, R., and Fukaya, T. Therapeutic effects of maternal melatonin administration on ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative cerebral damage in neonatal rats. Neonatology. 2010;98(1):33-40. View Abstract
135. Bulbuller, N., Akkus, M. A., Cetinkaya, Z., Ilhan, Y. S., Ozercan, I., Kirkil, C., and Dogru, O. Effects of melatonin and lactulose on the liver and kidneys in rats with obstructive jaundice. Pediatr.Surg Int 2002;18(8):677-680. View Abstract
136. Marino, A., Di, Paola R., Crisafulli, C., Mazzon, E., Morabito, R., Paterniti, I., Galuppo, M., Genovese, T., La, Spada G., and Cuzzocrea, S. Protective effect of melatonin against the inflammatory response elicited by crude venom from isolated nematocysts of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa). J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(1):56-69. View Abstract
137. Tain, Y. L., Hsieh, C. S., Chen, C. C., Sheen, J. M., Lee, C. T., and Huang, L. T. Melatonin prevents increased asymmetric dimethylarginine in young rats with bile duct ligation. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(3):212-221. View Abstract
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139. Ozbek, E., Ilbey, Y. O., Ozbek, M., Simsek, A., Cekmen, M., and Somay, A. Melatonin attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal injury by reducing oxidative stress, iNOS, MAPK, and NF-kB expression. J.Endourol. 2009;23(7):1165-1173. View Abstract
140. Ersahin, M., Sehirli, O., Toklu, H. Z., Suleymanoglu, S., Emekli-Alturfan, E., Yarat, A., Tatlidede, E., Yegen, B. C., and Sener, G. Melatonin improves cardiovascular function and ameliorates renal, cardiac and cerebral damage in rats with renovascular hypertension. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(1):97-106. View Abstract
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142. Shang, Y., Xu, S. P., Wu, Y., Jiang, Y. X., Wu, Z. Y., Yuan, S. Y., and Yao, S. L. Melatonin reduces acute lung injury in endotoxemic rats. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 6-20-2009;122(12):1388-1393. View Abstract
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147. Murialdo, G., Fonzi, S., Costelli, P., Solinas, G. P., Parodi, C., Marabini, S., Fanciullacci, M., and Polleri, A. Urinary melatonin excretion throughout the ovarian cycle in menstrually related migraine. Cephalalgia 1994;14(3):205-209. View Abstract
148. Salvesen, R. and Bekkelund, S. I. Migraine, as compared to other headaches, is worse during midnight-sun summer than during polar night. A questionnaire study in an Arctic population. Headache 2000;40(10):824-829. View Abstract
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153. Bhakta, S. G. and Andrade, C. Melatonin treatment of shoulder-and-neck dyskinesia possibly related to fluoxetine treatment. World J.Biol.Psychiatry 2009;10(4 Pt 3):1047-1048. View Abstract
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155. Sandyk, R. and Awerbuch, G. I. Relationship of nocturnal melatonin levels to duration and course of multiple sclerosis. Int J Neurosci. 1994;75(3-4):229-237. View Abstract
156. Sandyk, R. Diurnal variations in vision and relations to circadian melatonin secretion in multiple sclerosis. Int J Neurosci. 1995;83(1-2):1-6. View Abstract
157. Hedstrom, A. K., Akerstedt, T., Hillert, J., Olsson, T., and Alfredsson, L. Shift work at young age is associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis. Ann.Neurol. 2011;70(5):733-741. View Abstract
158. Reiter, R. J., Tan, D. X., Manchester, L. C., and Tamura, H. Melatonin defeats neurally-derived free radicals and reduces the associated neuromorphological and neurobehavioral damage. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;58 Suppl 6:5-22. View Abstract
159. Lauterbach, E. C., Victoroff, J., Coburn, K. L., Shillcutt, S. D., Doonan, S. M., and Mendez, M. F. Psychopharmacological neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disease: assessing the preclinical data. J.Neuropsychiatry Clin.Neurosci. 2010;22(1):8-18. View Abstract
160. Tasset, I., Espinola, C., Medina, F. J., Feijoo, M., Ruiz, C., Moreno, E., Gomez, M. M., Collado, J. A., Munoz, C., Muntane, J., Montilla, P., and Tunez, I. Neuroprotective effect of carvedilol and melatonin on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma. J.Physiol Biochem. 2009;65(3):291-296. View Abstract
161. Atik, B., Erkutlu, I., Tercan, M., Buyukhatipoglu, H., Bekerecioglu, M., and Pence, S. The effects of exogenous melatonin on peripheral nerve regeneration and collagen formation in rats. J.Surg.Res. 2011;166(2):330-336. View Abstract
162. Hou, J. W. Smith-Magenis syndrome: report of one case. Acta Paediatr.Taiwan. 2003;44(3):161-164. View Abstract
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164. Lin, A. M., Feng, S. F., Chao, P. L., and Yang, C. H. Melatonin inhibits arsenite-induced peripheral neurotoxicity. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(1):64-70. View Abstract
165. Negi, G., Kumar, A., Kaundal, R. K., Gulati, A., and Sharma, S. S. Functional and biochemical evidence indicating beneficial effect of Melatonin and Nicotinamide alone and in combination in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Neuropharmacology 2010;58(3):585-592. View Abstract
166. Grandgirard, D. and Leib, S. L. Strategies to prevent neuronal damage in paediatric bacterial meningitis. Curr.Opin.Pediatr. 2006;18(2):112-118. View Abstract
167. Tajes, M., Gutierrez-Cuesta, J., Ortuno-Sahagun, D., Camins, A., and Pallas, M. Anti-aging properties of melatonin in an in vitro murine senescence model: involvement of the sirtuin 1 pathway. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(3):228-237. View Abstract
168. Olivier, P., Fontaine, R. H., Loron, G., Van, Steenwinckel J., Biran, V., Massonneau, V., Kaindl, A., Dalous, J., Charriaut-Marlangue, C., Aigrot, M. S., Pansiot, J., Verney, C., Gressens, P., and Baud, O. Melatonin promotes oligodendroglial maturation of injured white matter in neonatal rats. PLoS.One. 2009;4(9):e7128. View Abstract
169. Radogna, F., Nuccitelli, S., Mengoni, F., and Ghibelli, L. Neuroprotection by melatonin on astrocytoma cell death. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 2009;1171:509-513. View Abstract
170. Cilio, M. R. and Ferriero, D. M. Synergistic neuroprotective therapies with hypothermia. Semin.Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010;15(5):293-298. View Abstract
171. Manda, K. and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin maintains adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive functions after irradiation. Prog.Neurobiol. 1-11-2010;90(1):60-68. View Abstract
172. Ozacmak, V. H., Barut, F., and Ozacmak, H. S. Melatonin provides neuroprotection by reducing oxidative stress and HSP70 expression during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in ovariectomized rats. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(2):156-163. View Abstract
173. Sheth, D. S., Tajuddin, N. F., and Druse, M. J. Antioxidant neuroprotection against ethanol-induced apoptosis in HN2-5 cells. Brain Res. 8-18-2009;1285:14-21. View Abstract
174. Ramirez-Rodriguez, G., Klempin, F., Babu, H., Benitez-King, G., and Kempermann, G. Melatonin modulates cell survival of new neurons in the hippocampus of adult mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009;34(9):2180-2191. View Abstract
175. Ritzenthaler, T., Nighoghossian, N., Berthiller, J., Schott, A. M., Cho, T. H., Derex, L., Brun, J., Trouillas, P., and Claustrat, B. Nocturnal urine melatonin and 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion at the acute stage of ischaemic stroke. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(3):349-352. View Abstract
176. Ersahin, M., Toklu, H. Z., Cetinel, S., Yuksel, M., Yegen, B. C., and Sener, G. Melatonin reduces experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced oxidative brain damage and neurological symptoms. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(3):324-332. View Abstract
177. Signorini, C., Ciccoli, L., Leoncini, S., Carloni, S., Perrone, S., Comporti, M., Balduini, W., and Buonocore, G. Free iron, total F-isoprostanes and total F-neuroprostanes in a model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: neuroprotective effect of melatonin. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):148-154. View Abstract
178. Chen, H. Y., Hung, Y. C., Chen, T. Y., Huang, S. Y., Wang, Y. H., Lee, W. T., Wu, T. S., and Lee, E. J. Melatonin improves presynaptic protein, SNAP-25, expression and dendritic spine density and enhances functional and electrophysiological recovery following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(3):260-270. View Abstract
179. Hutton, L. C., Abbass, M., Dickinson, H., Ireland, Z., and Walker, D. W. Neuroprotective properties of melatonin in a model of birth asphyxia in the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus). Dev.Neurosci. 2009;31(5):437-451. View Abstract
180. Olcese, J. M., Cao, C., Mori, T., Mamcarz, M. B., Maxwell, A., Runfeldt, M. J., Wang, L., Zhang, C., Lin, X., Zhang, G., and Arendash, G. W. Protection against cognitive deficits and markers of neurodegeneration by long-term oral administration of melatonin in a transgenic model of Alzheimer disease. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(1):82-96. View Abstract
181. Kongsuphol, P., Mukda, S., Nopparat, C., Villarroel, A., and Govitrapong, P. Melatonin attenuates methamphetamine-induced deactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling to induce autophagy in SK-N-SH cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(2):199-206. View Abstract
182. Saxena, G., Bharti, S., Kamat, P. K., Sharma, S., and Nath, C. Melatonin alleviates memory deficits and neuronal degeneration induced by intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin in rats. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 2010;94(3):397-403. View Abstract
183. Agrawal, R., Tyagi, E., Shukla, R., and Nath, C. A study of brain insulin receptors, AChE activity and oxidative stress in rat model of ICV STZ induced dementia. Neuropharmacology 2009;56(4):779-787. View Abstract
184. Daglioglu, E., Serdar, Dike M., Kilinc, K., Erdogan, D., Take, G., Ergungor, F., Okay, O., and Biyikli, Z. Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on experimental peripheral nerve injury: an electron microscopic and biochemical study. Cent.Eur.Neurosurg. 2009;70(3):109-114. View Abstract
185. Ma, J., Shaw, V. E., and Mitrofanis, J. Does melatonin help save dopaminergic cells in MPTP-treated mice? Parkinsonism.Relat Disord. 2009;15(4):307-314. View Abstract
186. Chetsawang, B., Chetsawang, J., and Govitrapong, P. Protection against cell death and sustained tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in hydrogen peroxide- and MPP-treated human neuroblastoma cells with melatonin. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(1):36-42. View Abstract
187. Das, A., McDowell, M., Pava, M. J., Smith, J. A., Reiter, R. J., Woodward, J. J., Varma, A. K., Ray, S. K., and Banik, N. L. The inhibition of apoptosis by melatonin in VSC4.1 motoneurons exposed to oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, or TNF-alpha toxicity involves membrane melatonin receptors. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(2):157-169. View Abstract
188. Wang, S., Zhang, L., Lim, G., Sung, B., Tian, Y., Chou, C. W., Hernstadt, H., Rusanescu, G., Ma, Y., and Mao, J. A combined effect of dextromethorphan and melatonin on neuropathic pain behavior in rats. Brain Res. 9-8-2009;1288:42-49. View Abstract
189. Bonilla, E., Valero, N., Chacin-Bonilla, L., Pons, H., Larreal, Y., Medina-Leendertz, S., and Espina, L. M. Melatonin increases interleukin-1beta and decreases tumor necrosis factor alpha in the brain of mice infected with the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Neurochem.Res 2003;28(5):681-686. View Abstract
190. O’Rourke, S. T., Hammad, H., Delagrange, P., Scalbert, E., and Vanhoutte, P. M. Melatonin inhibits nitrate tolerance in isolated coronary arteries. Br.J Pharmacol. 2003;139(7):1326-1332. View Abstract
191. Bas, E., Martinez-Soriano, F., Lainez, J. M., and Marco, J. An experimental comparative study of dexamethasone, melatonin and tacrolimus in noise-induced hearing loss. Acta Otolaryngol. 2009;129(4):385-389. View Abstract
192. Song, Y. M. and Chen, M. D. Effects of melatonin administration on plasma leptin concentration and adipose tissue leptin secretion in mice. Acta Biol.Hung. 2009;60(4):399-407. View Abstract
193. Alonso-Vale, M. I., Peres, S. B., Vernochet, C., Farmer, S. R., and Lima, F. B. Adipocyte differentiation is inhibited by melatonin through the regulation of C/EBPbeta transcriptional activity. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(3):221-227. View Abstract
194. Bertuglia, S. and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin reduces microvascular damage and insulin resistance in hamsters due to chronic intermittent hypoxia. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(3):307-313. View Abstract
195. Tamura, H., Nakamura, Y., Korkmaz, A., Manchester, L. C., Tan, D. X., Sugino, N., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin and the ovary: physiological and pathophysiological implications. Fertil.Steril. 2009;92(1):328-343. View Abstract
196. Hemadi, M., Abolhassani, F., Akbari, M., Sobhani, A., Pasbakhsh, P., Ahrlund-Richter, L., Modaresi, M. H., and Salehnia, M. Melatonin promotes the cumulus-oocyte complexes quality of vitrified-thawed murine ovaries; with increased mean number of follicles survival and ovary size following heterotopic transplantation. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 9-15-2009;618(1-3):84-90. View Abstract
197. Col, C., Dinler, K., Hasdemir, O., Buyukasik, O., and Bugdayci, G. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation products: effect of pinealectomy or exogenous melatonin injections on biomarkers of tissue damage during acute pancreatitis. Hepatobiliary.Pancreat.Dis.Int. 2010;9(1):78-82. View Abstract
198. Jung, K. H., Hong, S. W., Zheng, H. M., Lee, H. S., Lee, H., Lee, D. H., Lee, S. Y., and Hong, S. S. Melatonin ameliorates cerulein-induced pancreatitis by the modulation of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappaB in rats. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(3):239-250. View Abstract
199. Col, C., Dinler, K., Hasdemir, A. O., and Bugdayci, G. The effect of an intraperitoneal injection of melatonin on serum amylase levels in acute pancreatitis. JOP. 2009;10(3):306-309. View Abstract
200. Gomez-Pinilla, P. J., Camello, P. J., and Pozo, M. J. Pancreatic calcium signaling: role in health and disease. Pancreatology. 2009;9(4):329-333. View Abstract
201. Gulben, K., Ozdemir, H., Berberoglu, U., Mersin, H., Yrkin, F., Cakyr, E., and Aksaray, S. Melatonin modulates the severity of taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in the rat. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2010;55(4):941-946. View Abstract
202. Sidhu, S., Pandhi, P., Malhotra, S., Vaiphei, K., and Khanduja, K. L. Melatonin treatment is beneficial in pancreatic repair process after experimental acute pancreatitis. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 2-25-2010;628(1-3):282-289. View Abstract
203. Santello, F. H., Del Vecchio, Filipin M., Caetano, L. C., Brazao, V., Caetano, L. N., Dos Santos, C. D., Alonso Toldo, M. P., and do Prado, J. C. J. Influence of melatonin therapy and orchiectomy on T cell subsets in male Wistar rats infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47(3):271-276. View Abstract
204. Martinez-Cruz, F., Pozo, D., Osuna, C., Espinar, A., Marchante, C., and Guerrero, J. M. Oxidative stress induced by phenylketonuria in the rat: Prevention by melatonin, vitamin E, and vitamin C. J Neurosci.Res 8-15-2002;69(4):550-558. View Abstract
205. Zhu, H., Chen, S., Yao, S., and Wang, W. Protective effect of melatonin on photo-damage to lysozyme. J.Photochem.Photobiol.B 2-9-2009;94(2):125-130. View Abstract
206. Izykowska, I., Cegielski, M., Gebarowska, E., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Piotrowska, A., Zabel, M., and Dziegiel, P. Effect of melatonin on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts subjected to UVA and UVB radiation In vitro. In Vivo 2009;23(5):739-745. View Abstract
207. Izykowska, I., Gebarowska, E., Cegielski, M., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Piotrowska, A., Zabel, M., and Dziegiel, P. Effect of melatonin on melanoma cells subjected to UVA and UVB radiation in In vitro studies. In Vivo 2009;23(5):733-738. View Abstract
208. Cagnacci, A. and Volpe, A. A role for melatonin in PCOS? Fertil.Steril. 2002;77(5):1089. View Abstract
209. Richter, H. G., Hansell, J. A., Raut, S., and Giussani, D. A. Melatonin improves placental efficiency and birth weight and increases the placental expression of antioxidant enzymes in undernourished pregnancy. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(4):357-364. View Abstract
210. Andres, S., Sanchez, J., and Jimenez, A. Evaluation of the influence of melatonin implants during the gestation period in sheep from a selenium-deficient region. Am.J.Vet.Res. 2009;70(3):404-408. View Abstract
211. Parry, B. L., Berga, S. L., Kripke, D. F., Klauber, M. R., Laughlin, G. A., Yen, S. S., and Gillin, J. C. Altered waveform of plasma nocturnal melatonin secretion in premenstrual depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47(12):1139-1146. View Abstract
212. Maldonado, M. D., Reiter, R. J., and Perez-San-Gregorio, M. A. Melatonin as a potential therapeutic agent in psychiatric illness. Hum.Psychopharmacol. 2009;24(5):391-400. View Abstract
213. Arslan, S. O., Zerin, M., Vural, H., and Coskun, A. The effect of melatonin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. J Pineal Res 2002;32(1):21-25. View Abstract
214. Vijayalaxmi, Reiter, R. J., Tan, D. X., Herman, T. S., and Thomas, C. R., Jr. Melatonin as a radioprotective agent: a review. Int.J Radiat.Oncol.Biol.Phys. 7-1-2004;59(3):639-653. View Abstract
215. Sharma, S., Haldar, C., Chaube, S. K., Laxmi, T., and Singh, S. S. Long-term melatonin administration attenuates low-LET gamma-radiation-induced lymphatic tissue injury during the reproductively active and inactive phases of Indian palm squirrels (Funambulus pennanti). Br.J.Radiol. 2010;83(986):137-151. View Abstract
216. Liu, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Xie, Y., and Zhao, W. Melatonin modulates acute testicular damage induced by carbon ions in mice. Pharmazie 2009;64(10):685-689. View Abstract
217. Assayed, M. E. and Abd El-Aty, A. M. Protection of rat chromosomes by melatonin against gamma radiation-induced damage. Mutat.Res. 2009;677(1-2):14-20. View Abstract
218. Hamada, N. Recent insights into the biological action of heavy-ion radiation. J.Radiat.Res. 2009;50(1):1-9. View Abstract
219. Manda, K., Ueno, M., and Anzai, K. Cranial irradiation-induced inhibition of neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult mice: attenuation by melatonin pretreatment. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46(1):71-78. View Abstract
220. Xu, G. X., Xiao, Z. Y., Xie, M. S., Feng, Y. L., Guo, J., and Fu, L. X. [Protective effects of melatonin on cultural human retinal pigment epithelial cells against oxidative damage in vitro]. Zhonghua Yan.Ke.Za Zhi. 2009;45(6):528-532. View Abstract
221. Baba, K., Pozdeyev, N., Mazzoni, F., Contreras-Alcantara, S., Liu, C., Kasamatsu, M., Martinez-Merlos, T., Strettoi, E., Iuvone, P. M., and Tosini, G. Melatonin modulates visual function and cell viability in the mouse retina via the MT1 melatonin receptor. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A 9-1-2009;106(35):15043-15048. View Abstract
222. Kaur, C., Sivakumar, V., Foulds, W. S., Luu, C. D., and Ling, E. A. Cellular and vascular changes in the retina of neonatal rats after an acute exposure to hypoxia. Invest Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci. 2009;50(11):5364-5374. View Abstract
223. Zhang, J., Hu, D. H., Chen, G., Bai, X. Z., and Tang, C. W. [Protective effect of melatonin on oxidative stress inducing hair follicle injury in scald rat]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi. 2009;25(2):129-132. View Abstract
224. Escames, G., Acuna-Castroviejo, D., Lopez, L. C., Tan, D. X., Maldonado, M. D., Sanchez-Hidalgo, M., Leon, J., and Reiter, R. J. Pharmacological utility of melatonin in the treatment of septic shock: experimental and clinical evidence. J Pharm.Pharmacol 2006;58(9):1153-1165. View Abstract
225. Gitto, E., Karbownik, M., Reiter, R. J., Tan, D. X., Cuzzocrea, S., Chiurazzi, P., Cordaro, S., Corona, G., Trimarchi, G., and Barberi, I. Effects of melatonin treatment in septic newborns. Pediatr Res 2001;50(6):756-760. View Abstract
226. Rinaldi, S., Landucci, F., and De Gaudio, A. R. Antioxidant therapy in critically septic patients. Curr.Drug Targets. 2009;10(9):872-880. View Abstract
227. Cuzzocrea, S. and Reiter, R. J. Pharmacological action of melatonin in shock, inflammation and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 8-24-2001;426(1-2):1-10. View Abstract
228. Maestroni, G. J. Melatonin as a therapeutic agent in experimental endotoxic shock. J Pineal Res 1996;20(2):84-89. View Abstract
229. Topsakal, C., Kilic, N., Ozveren, F., Akdemir, I., Kaplan, M., Tiftikci, M., and Gursu, F. Effects of Prostaglandin E1, Melatonin, and Oxytetracycline on Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidant Defense System, Paraoxonase (PON1) Activities, and Homocysteine Levels in an Animal Model of Spinal Cord Injury. Spine 8-1-2003;28(15):1643-1652. View Abstract
230. Park, K., Lee, Y., Park, S., Lee, S., Hong, Y., Kil, Lee S., and Hong, Y. Synergistic effect of melatonin on exercise-induced neuronal reconstruction and functional recovery in a spinal cord injury animal model. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(3):270-281. View Abstract
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465. Scott, G. N. and Elmer, G. W. Update on natural product–drug interactions. Am J Health Syst.Pharm 2-15-2002;59(4):339-347. View Abstract
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467. Hartter, S., Wang, X., Weigmann, H., Friedberg, T., Arand, M., Oesch, F., and Hiemke, C. Differential effects of fluvoxamine and other antidepressants on the biotransformation of melatonin. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001;21(2):167-174. View Abstract
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469. Luboshitzky, R., Shen-Orr, Z., Shochat, T., Herer, P., and Lavie, P. Melatonin administered in the afternoon decreases next-day luteinizing hormone levels in men: lack of antagonism by flumazenil. J Mol.Neurosci. 1999;12(1):75-80. View Abstract
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473. Cagnacci, A., Soldani, R., and Yen, S. S. Exogenous melatonin enhances luteinizing hormone levels of women in the follicular but not in the luteal menstrual phase. Fertil.Steril. 1995;63(5):996-999. View Abstract
474. Cagnacci, A., Elliott, J. A., and Yen, S. S. Amplification of pulsatile LH secretion by exogenous melatonin in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73(1):210-212. View Abstract
475. de Leiva, A., Tortosa, F., Peinado, M. A., Serrano, J., Rodriguez-Espinosa, J., and Puig-Domingo, M. Episodic nyctohemeral secretion of melatonin in adult humans: lack of relation with LH pulsatile pattern. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1990;122(1):76-82. View Abstract
476. Nordlund, J. J. and Lerner, A. B. The effects of oral melatonin on skin color and on the release of pituitary hormones. J Clin Endocrinol.Metab 1977;45(4):768-774. View Abstract
477. Azpeleta, C., Martinez-Alvarez, R. M., Delgado, M. J., Isorna, E., and De, Pedro N. Melatonin reduces locomotor activity and circulating cortisol in goldfish. Horm.Behav. 2010;57(3):323-329. View Abstract
478. Fischer, S., Smolnik, R., Herms, M., Born, J., and Fehm, H. L. Melatonin acutely improves the neuroendocrine architecture of sleep in blind individuals. J Clin Endocrinol.Metab 2003;88(11):5315-5320. View Abstract
479. Brivio, F., Fumagalli, L., Fumagalli, G., Pescia, S., Brivio, R., DI, Fede G., Rovelli, F., and Lissoni, P. Synchronization of cortisol circadian rhythm by the pineal hormone melatonin in untreatable metastatic solid tumor patients and its possible prognostic significance on tumor progression. In Vivo 2010;24(2):239-241. View Abstract
480. Hack, L. M., Lockley, S. W., Arendt, J., and Skene, D. J. The effects of low-dose 0.5-mg melatonin on the free-running circadian rhythms of blind subjects. J Biol.Rhythms 2003;18(5):420-429. View Abstract
481. Cagnacci, A., Soldani, R., and Yen, S. S. Melatonin enhances cortisol levels in aged but not young women. Eur.J Endocrinol. 1995;133(6):691-695. View Abstract
482. Voordouw, B. C., Euser, R., Verdonk, R. E., Alberda, B. T., de Jong, F. H., Drogendijk, A. C., Fauser, B. C., and Cohen, M. Melatonin and melatonin-progestin combinations alter pituitary-ovarian function in women and can inhibit ovulation. J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 1992;74(1):108-117. View Abstract
483. Brzezinski, A., Fibich, T., Cohen, M., Schenker, J. G., and Laufer, N. Effects of melatonin on progesterone production by human granulosa lutein cells in culture. Fertil.Steril. 1992;58(3):526-529. View Abstract
484. Srivastava, R. K. and Krishna, A. Melatonin affects steroidogenesis and delayed ovulation during winter in vespertilionid bat, Scotophilus heathi. J.Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 2010;118(1-2):107-116. View Abstract
485. Taketani, T., Tamura, H., Takasaki, A., Lee, L., Kizuka, F., Tamura, I., Taniguchi, K., Maekawa, R., Asada, H., Shimamura, K., Reiter, R. J., and Sugino, N. Protective role of melatonin in progesterone production by human luteal cells. J.Pineal Res. 2011;51(2):207-213. View Abstract
486. Lewinski, A. and Karbownik, M. REVIEW. Melatonin and the thyroid gland. Neuroendocrinol.Lett 2002;23 Suppl 1:73-78. View Abstract
487. Ramadan, T. A., Taha, T. A., Samak, M. A., and Hassan, A. Effectiveness of exposure to longday followed by melatonin treatment on semen characteristics of Damascus male goats during breeding and non-breeding seasons. Theriogenology 2009;71(3):458-468. View Abstract
488. Bellipanni, G., Bianchi, P., Pierpaoli, W., Bulian, D., and Ilyia, E. Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: a randomized and placebo controlled study. Exp Gerontol 2001;36(2):297-310. View Abstract
489. Valenti, S. and Giusti, M. Melatonin participates in the control of testosterone secretion from rat testis: an overview of our experience. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 2002;966:284-289. View Abstract
490. Forsling, M. L., Wheeler, M. J., and Williams, A. J. The effect of melatonin administration on pituitary hormone secretion in man. Clin Endocrinol.(Oxf) 1999;51(5):637-642. View Abstract
491. Valcavi, R., Zini, M., Maestroni, G. J., Conti, A., and Portioli, I. Melatonin stimulates growth hormone secretion through pathways other than the growth hormone-releasing hormone. Clin Endocrinol.(Oxf) 1993;39(2):193-199. View Abstract
492. Meeking, D. R., Wallace, J. D., Cuneo, R. C., Forsling, M., and Russell-Jones, D. L. Exercise-induced GH secretion is enhanced by the oral ingestion of melatonin in healthy adult male subjects. Eur J Endocrinol 1999;141(1):22-26. View Abstract
493. Valcavi, R., Dieguez, C., Azzarito, C., Edwards, C. A., Dotti, C., Page, M. D., Portioli, I., and Scanlon, M. F. Effect of oral administration of melatonin on GH responses to GRF 1-44 in normal subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1987;26(4):453-458. View Abstract
494. Smythe, G. A. and Lazarus, L. Growth hormone responses to melatonin in man. Science 6-28-1974;184(144):1373-1374. View Abstract
495. Perras, B., Ozcan, S., Fehm, H. L., and Born, J. Melatonin does not inhibit hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in waking young men. J Neuroendocrinol. 2005;17(12):811-816. View Abstract
496. Terzolo, M., Revelli, A., Guidetti, D., Piovesan, A., Cassoni, P., Paccotti, P., Angeli, A., and Massobrio, M. Evening administration of melatonin enhances the pulsatile secretion of prolactin but not of LH and TSH in normally cycling women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1993;39(2):185-191. View Abstract
497. Ninomiya, T., Iwatani, N., Tomoda, A., and Miike, T. Effects of exogenous melatonin on pituitary hormones in humans. Clin Physiol 2001;21(3):292-299. View Abstract
498. Waldhauser, F., Lieberman, H. R., Lynch, H. J., Waldhauser, M., Herkner, K., Frisch, H., Vierhapper, H., Waldhausl, W., Schemper, M., Wurtman, R. J., and . A pharmacological dose of melatonin increases PRL levels in males without altering those of GH, LH, FSH, TSH, testosterone or cortisol. Neuroendocrinology 1987;46(2):125-130. View Abstract
499. Petterborg LJ, Thalen BE, Kjellman BF, and et al. Effect of melatonin replacement on serum hormone rhythms in a patient lacking endogenous melatonin. Brain Res Bull 1991;27:181-185.
500. Kostoglou-Athanassiou, I., Treacher, D. F., Wheeler, M. J., and Forsling, M. L. Melatonin administration and pituitary hormone secretion. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998;48(1):31-37. View Abstract
501. Juszczak, M. and Boczek-Leszczyk, E. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor activation stimulates oxytocin release from the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system while melatonin inhibits this process. Brain Res.Bull. 1-15-2010;81(1):185-190. View Abstract
502. Bojanowska, E. and Forsling, M. L. The effects of melatonin on vasopressin secretion in vivo: interactions with acetylcholine and prostaglandins. Brain Res Bull 1997;42(6):457-461. View Abstract
503. Mogulkoc, R. and Baltaci, A. K. Effect of melatonin supplementation on plasma vasopressin response to different conditions in rats with hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxine. Regul.Pept. 4-9-2010;161(1-3):38-42. View Abstract
504. Chowdhury, V. S., Yamamoto, K., Ubuka, T., Bentley, G. E., Hattori, A., and Tsutsui, K. Melatonin stimulates the release of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone by the avian hypothalamus. Endocrinology 2010;151(1):271-280. View Abstract
505. Cagnacci, A., Zanni, A. L., Veneri, M. G., Menozzi, R., Volpe, A., and Rio, G. D. Influence of exogenous melatonin on catecholamine levels in postmenopausal women prior and during oestradiol replacement. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2000;53(3):367-372. View Abstract
506. Cagnacci, A., Arangino, S., Angiolucci, M., Maschio, E., Longu, G., and Melis, G. B. Potentially beneficial cardiovascular effects of melatonin administration in women. J Pineal Res 1997;22(1):16-19. View Abstract
507. Cagnacci, A., Arangino, S., Angiolucci, M., Melis, G. B., Tarquini, R., Renzi, A., and Volpe, A. Different circulatory response to melatonin in postmenopausal women without and with hormone replacement therapy. J Pineal Res 2000;29(3):152-158. View Abstract
508. Mero, A. A., Vahalummukka, M., Hulmi, J. J., Kallio, P., and von Wright, A. Effects of resistance exercise session after oral ingestion of melatonin on physiological and performance responses of adult men. Eur.J Appl.Physiol 2006;96(6):729-739. View Abstract
509. Neri, B., Fiorelli, C., Moroni, F., Nicita, G., Paoletti, M. C., Ponchietti, R., Raugei, A., Santoni, G., Trippitelli, A., and Grechi, G. Modulation of human lymphoblastoid interferon activity by melatonin in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. A phase II study. Cancer 6-15-1994;73(12):3015-3019. View Abstract
510. Aldeghi, R., Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Ardizzoia, A., Tancini, G., Piperno, A., Pozzi, M., Ricci, G., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. J. Low-dose interleukin-2 subcutaneous immunotherapy in association with the pineal hormone melatonin as a first-line therapy in locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 1994;30A(2):167-170. View Abstract
511. Barni, S., Lissoni, P., Cazzaniga, M., Ardizzoia, A., Paolorossi, F., Brivio, F., Perego, M., Tancini, G., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. Neuroimmunotherapy with subcutaneous low-dose interleukin-2 and the pineal hormone melatonin as a second-line treatment in metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Tumori 12-31-1992;78(6):383-387. View Abstract
512. Barni, S., Lissoni, P., Cazzaniga, M., Ardizzoia, A., Meregalli, S., Fossati, V., Fumagalli, L., Brivio, F., and Tancini, G. A randomized study of low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 plus melatonin versus supportive care alone in metastatic colorectal cancer patients progressing under 5-fluorouracil and folates. Oncology 1995;52(3):243-245. View Abstract
513. Bregani, E. R., Lissoni, P., Rossini, F., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Brivio, F., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. J. Prevention of interleukin-2-induced thrombocytopenia during the immunotherapy of cancer by a concomitant administration of the pineal hormone melatonin. Recenti Prog.Med 1995;86(6):231-233. View Abstract
514. Brivio F, Lissoni P, Fumagalli L, and et al. Preoperative neuroimmunotherapy with subcutaneous low-dose interleukin-2 and melatonin in patients with gastrointestinal tumors: its efficacy in preventing surgery-induced lymphocytopenia. Oncology Reports 1995;2:597-599.
515. Lissoni, P., Brivio, F., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Cattaneo, G., Archili, C., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. J. Neuroimmunotherapy of human cancer with interleukin-2 and the neurohormone melatonin: its efficacy in preventing hypotension. Anticancer Res 1990;10(6):1759-1761. View Abstract
516. Lissoni, P., Brivio, F., Ardizzoia, A., Tancini, G., and Barni, S. Subcutaneous therapy with low-dose interleukin-2 plus the neurohormone melatonin in metastatic gastric cancer patients with low performance status. Tumori 12-31-1993;79(6):401-404. View Abstract
517. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Ardizzoia, A., Olivini, G., Brivio, F., Tisi, E., Tancini, G., Characiejus, D., and Kothari, L. Cancer immunotherapy with low-dose interleukin-2 subcutaneous administration: potential efficacy in most solid tumor histotypes by a concomitant treatment with the pineal hormone melatonin. J Biol Regul Homeost.Agents 1993;7(4):121-125. View Abstract
518. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Ardizzoia, A., Rovelli, F., Cazzaniga, M., Brivio, F., Piperno, A., Aldeghi, R., Fossati, D., and . Immunotherapy with subcutaneous low-dose interleukin-2 and the pineal indole melatonin as a new effective therapy in advanced cancers of the digestive tract. Br J Cancer 1993;67(6):1404-1407. View Abstract
519. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Rovelli, F., Brivio, F., Ardizzoia, A., Tancini, G., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. J. Neuroimmunotherapy of advanced solid neoplasms with single evening subcutaneous injection of low-dose interleukin-2 and melatonin: preliminary results. Eur J Cancer 1993;29A(2):185-189. View Abstract
520. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Cazzaniga, M., Ardizzoia, A., Rovelli, F., Brivio, F., and Tancini, G. Efficacy of the concomitant administration of the pineal hormone melatonin in cancer immunotherapy with low-dose IL-2 in patients with advanced solid tumors who had progressed on IL-2 alone. Oncology 1994;51(4):344-347. View Abstract
521. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Ardizzoia, A., Ricci, G., Aldeghi, R., Brivio, F., Tisi, E., Rovelli, F., Rescaldani, R., and . A randomised study with subcutaneous low-dose interleukin 2 alone vs interleukin 2 plus the pineal neurohormone melatonin in advanced solid neoplasms other than renal cancer and melanoma. Br J Cancer 1994;69(1):196-199. View Abstract
522. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Mainini, E., Piglia, F., Maestroni, G. J., and Lewinski, A. Immunoendocrine therapy with low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 plus melatonin of locally advanced or metastatic endocrine tumors. Oncology 1995;52(2):163-166. View Abstract
523. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Fossati, V., Ardizzoia, A., Cazzaniga, M., Tancini, G., and Frigerio, F. A randomized study of neuroimmunotherapy with low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 plus melatonin compared to supportive care alone in patients with untreatable metastatic solid tumour. Support.Care Cancer 1995;3(3):194-197. View Abstract
524. Lissoni, P., Brivio, F., Brivio, O., Fumagalli, L., Gramazio, F., Rossi, M., Emanuelli, G., Alderi, G., and Lavorato, F. Immune effects of preoperative immunotherapy with high-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 versus neuroimmunotherapy with low-dose interleukin-2 plus the neurohormone melatonin in gastrointestinal tract tumor patients. J Biol Regul.Homeost.Agents 1995;9(1):31-33. View Abstract
525. Lissoni, P., Pittalis, S., Ardizzoia, A., Brivio, F., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Pelizzoni, F., Maestroni, G. J., Zubelewicz, B., and Braczkowski, R. Prevention of cytokine-induced hypotension in cancer patients by the pineal hormone melatonin. Support.Care Cancer 1996;4(4):313-316. View Abstract
526. Lissoni, P., Fumagalli, L., Paolorossi, F., Rovelli, F., Roselli, M. G., and Maestroni, G. J. Anticancer neuroimmunomodulation by pineal hormones other than melatonin: preliminary phase II study of the pineal indole 5- methoxytryptophol in association with low-dose IL-2 and melatonin. J Biol Regul.Homeost.Agents 1997;11(3):119-122. View Abstract
527. Lissoni P, Barni S, Ardizzoia A, and et al. Immunotherapy with low-dose interleukin-2 in association with melatonin as salvage therapy for metastatic soft tissue sarcomas. Oncology Reports 1997;4:157-159.
528. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Mandala, M., Ardizzoia, A., Paolorossi, F., Vaghi, M., Longarini, R., Malugani, F., and Tancini, G. Decreased toxicity and increased efficacy of cancer chemotherapy using the pineal hormone melatonin in metastatic solid tumour patients with poor clinical status. Eur J Cancer 1999;35(12):1688-1692. View Abstract
529. Brackowski, R., Zubelewicz, B., Romanowski, W., Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Tancini, G., and Maestroni, G. J. Preliminary study on modulation of the biological effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in advanced cancer patients by the pineal hormone melatonin. J Biol Regul Homeost.Agents 1994;8(3):77-80. View Abstract
530. Braczkowski, R., Zubelewicz, B., Romanowski, W., Lissoni, P., and Barni, S. Modulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) toxicity by the pineal hormone melatonin (MLT) in metastatic solid tumor patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci 9-30-1995;768:334-336. View Abstract
531. Pignone, A. M., Rosso, A. D., Fiori, G., Matucci-Cerinic, M., Becucci, A., Tempestini, A., Livi, R., Generini, S., Gramigna, L., Benvenuti, C., Carossino, A. M., Conforti, M. L., and Perfetto, F. Melatonin is a safe and effective treatment for chronic pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. J Pineal Res 2006;41(2):95-100. View Abstract
532. Regodon, S., Ramos, A., Morgado, S., Tarazona, R., Martin-Palomino, P., Rosado, J. A., and Miguez, Mdel P. Melatonin enhances the immune response to vaccination against A1 and C strains of Dichelobacter nodosus. Vaccine 3-4-2009;27(10):1566-1570. View Abstract
533. Vissers, F. H., Knipschild, P. G., and Crebolder, H. F. Is melatonin helpful in stopping the long-term use of hypnotics? A discontinuation trial. Pharm.World Sci. 2007;29(6):641-646. View Abstract
534. Maestroni, G. J. The immunotherapeutic potential of melatonin. Expert.Opin Investig Drugs 2001;10(3):467-476. View Abstract
535. Chen, G., Huo, Y., Tan, D. X., Liang, Z., Zhang, W., and Zhang, Y. Melatonin in Chinese medicinal herbs. Life Sci. 5-23-2003;73(1):19-26. View Abstract
536. Chen, J. C., Ng, C. J., Chiu, T. F., and Chen, H. M. Altered neutrophil apoptosis activity is reversed by melatonin in liver ischemia-reperfusion. J Pineal Res 2003;34(4):260-264. View Abstract
537. Chen, K. B., Lin, A. M., and Chiu, T. H. Oxidative injury to the locus coeruleus of rat brain: neuroprotection by melatonin. J Pineal Res 2003;35(2):109-117. View Abstract
538. Baeza, I., Alvarado, C., Alvarez, P., Salazar, V., Castillo, C., Ariznavarreta, C., Fdez-Tresguerres, J. A., and De la Fuente, M. Improvement of leucocyte functions in ovariectomised aged rats after treatment with growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens or phyto-oestrogens. J.Reprod.Immunol. 2009;80(1-2):70-79. View Abstract
539. Terron, M. P., Delgado, J., Paredes, S. D., Barriga, C., Reiter, R. J., and Rodriguez, A. B. Effect of melatonin and tryptophan on humoral immunity in young and old ringdoves (Streptopelia risoria). Exp.Gerontol. 2009;44(10):653-658. View Abstract
540. Cernysiov, V., Gerasimcik, N., Mauricas, M., and Girkontaite, I. Regulation of T-cell-independent and T-cell-dependent antibody production by circadian rhythm and melatonin. Int.Immunol. 2010;22(1):25-34. View Abstract
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542. Pedrosa, A. M., Weinlich, R., Mognol, G. P., Robbs, B. K., Viola, J. P., Campa, A., and Amarante-Mendes, G. P. Melatonin protects CD4+ T cells from activation-induced cell death by blocking NFAT-mediated CD95 ligand upregulation. J.Immunol. 4-1-2010;184(7):3487-3494. View Abstract
543. Zhou, W., Wang, P., and Tao, L. Effect of melatonin on proliferation of neonatal cord blood mononuclear cells. World J.Pediatr. 2009;5(4):300-303. View Abstract
544. Lissoni, P., Vigore, L., Rescaldani, R., Rovelli, F., Brivio, F., Giani, L., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Ardizzoia, A., and Vigano, M. G. Neuroimmunotherapy with low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 plus melatonin in AIDS patients with CD4 cell number below 200/mm3: a biological phase-II study. J Biol Regul.Homeost.Agents 1995;9(4):155-158. View Abstract
545. Vigore, L., Messina, G., Brivio, F., Fumagalli, L., Rovelli, F., DI, Fede G., and Lissoni, P. Psychoneuroendocrine modulation of regulatory T lymphocyte system: in vivo and in vitro effects of the pineal immunomodulating hormone melatonin. In Vivo 2010;24(5):787-789. View Abstract
546. Abd-Allah, A. R., El Sayed, el SM, Abdel-Wahab, M. H., and Hamada, F. M. Effect of melatonin on estrogen and progesterone receptors in relation to uterine contraction in rats. Pharmacol.Res 2003;47(4):349-354. View Abstract
547. Ciesla, W. Low ACTH and high melatonin concentrations in amniotic fluid as hormonal markers of high risk of fetal abnormalities. Preliminary studies. Prenat.Diagn. 1998;18(9):980-983. View Abstract
548. Gwayi, N. and Bernard, R. T. The effects of melatonin on sperm motility in vitro in Wistar rats. Andrologia 2002;34(6):391-396. View Abstract
549. Luboshitzky, R., Shen-Orr, Z., Nave, R., Lavi, S., and Lavie, P. Melatonin administration alters semen quality in healthy men. J Androl 2002;23(4):572-578. View Abstract
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552. Gitto, E., Aversa, S., Salpietro, C. D., Barberi, I., Arrigo, T., Trimarchi, G., Reiter, R. J., and Pellegrino, S. Pain in neonatal intensive care: role of melatonin as an analgesic antioxidant. J.Pineal Res. 2012;52(3):291-295. View Abstract
553. Lewy, A. J., Ahmed, S., Jackson, J. M., and Sack, R. L. Melatonin shifts human circadian rhythms according to a phase-response curve. Chronobiol.Int 1992;9(5):380-392. View Abstract
554. Gubin, D. G., Gubin, G. D., Waterhouse, J., and Weinert, D. The circadian body temperature rhythm in the elderly: effect of single daily melatonin dosing. Chronobiol.Int. 2006;23(3):639-658. View Abstract
555. Jean-Louis, G., von Gizycki, H., and Zizi, F. Melatonin effects on sleep, mood, and cognition in elderly with mild cognitive impairment. J Pineal Res 1998;25(3):177-183. View Abstract
556. Brusco, L. I., Marquez, M., and Cardinali, D. P. Monozygotic twins with Alzheimer’s disease treated with melatonin: Case report. J Pineal Res 1998;25(4):260-263. View Abstract
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666. Braam, W., Smits, M. G., Didden, R., Korzilius, H., van Geijlswijk, I. M., and Curfs, L. M. Exogenous melatonin for sleep problems in individuals with intellectual disability: a meta-analysis. Dev.Med.Child Neurol. 2009;51(5):340-349. View Abstract
667. Medeiros, C. A., Carvalhedo de Bruin, P. F., Lopes, L. A., Magalhaes, M. C., de Lourdes, Seabra M., and de Bruin, V. M. Effect of exogenous melatonin on sleep and motor dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. J Neurol. 2007;254(4):459-464. View Abstract
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672. Shamir, E., Rotenberg, V. S., Laudon, M., Zisapel, N., and Elizur, A. First-night effect of melatonin treatment in patients with chronic schizophrenia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2000;20(6):691-694. View Abstract
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676. Zhdanova, I. V. and Piotrovskaya, V. R. Melatonin treatment attenuates symptoms of acute nicotine withdrawal in humans. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2000;67(1):131-135. View Abstract
677. Acil, M., Basgul, E., Celiker, V., Karagoz, A. H., Demir, B., and Aypar, U. Perioperative effects of melatonin and midazolam premedication on sedation, orientation, anxiety scores and psychomotor performance. Eur.J.Anaesthesiol. 2004;21(7):553-557. View Abstract
678. Capuzzo, M., Zanardi, B., Schiffino, E., Buccoliero, C., Gragnaniello, D., Bianchi, S., and Alvisi, R. Melatonin does not reduce anxiety more than placebo in the elderly undergoing surgery. Anesth.Analg. 2006;103(1):121-3, table. View Abstract
679. Naguib, M., Samarkandi, A. H., Moniem, M. A., Mansour, Eel, Alshaer, A. A., Al Ayyaf, H. A., Fadin, A., and Alharby, S. W. The effects of melatonin premedication on propofol and thiopental induction dose-response curves: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Anesth.Analg. 2006;103(6):1448-1452. View Abstract
680. Turkistani, A., Abdullah, K. M., Al Shaer, A. A., Mazen, K. F., and Alkatheri, K. Melatonin premedication and the induction dose of propofol. Eur.J Anaesthesiol. 2007;24(5):399-402. View Abstract
681. Caumo, W., Levandovski, R., and Hidalgo, M. P. Preoperative anxiolytic effect of melatonin and clonidine on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J.Pain 2009;10(1):100-108. View Abstract
682. Borazan, H., Tuncer, S., Yalcin, N., Erol, A., and Otelcioglu, S. Effects of preoperative oral melatonin medication on postoperative analgesia, sleep quality, and sedation in patients undergoing elective prostatectomy: a randomized clinical trial. J.Anesth. 2010;24(2):155-160. View Abstract
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686. Lissoni, P., Tancini, G., Barni, S., Paolorossi, F., Rossini, F., Maffe, P., and Di Bella, L. The pineal hormone melatonin in hematology and its potential efficacy in the treatment of thrombocytopenia. Recenti Prog Med 1996;87(12):582-585. View Abstract
687. Lopez-Gonzalez, M. A., Santiago, A. M., and Esteban-Ortega, F. Sulpiride and melatonin decrease tinnitus perception modulating the auditolimbic dopaminergic pathway. J Otolaryngol. 2007;36(4):213-219. View Abstract
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689. Neri, G., Baffa, C., De, Stefano A., Poliandri, A., Kulamarva, G., Di, Giovanni P., Petrucci, A. G., Castriotta, A., Citraro, L., Cerrone, D., D’ Orazio, F., and Croce, A. Management of tinnitus: oral treatment with melatonin and sulodexide. J.Biol.Regul.Homeost.Agents 2009;23(2):103-110. View Abstract
690. Neri, G., De, Stefano A., Baffa, C., Kulamarva, G., Di, Giovanni P., Petrucci, G., Poliandri, A., Dispenza, F., Citraro, L., and Croce, A. Treatment of central and sensorineural tinnitus with orally administered Melatonin and Sulodexide: personal experience from a randomized controlled study. Acta Otorhinolaryngol.Ital. 2009;29(2):86-91. View Abstract
691. Hurtuk, A., Dome, C., Holloman, C. H., Wolfe, K., Welling, D. B., Dodson, E. E., and Jacob, A. Melatonin: can it stop the ringing? Ann.Otol.Rhinol.Laryngol. 2011;120(7):433-440. View Abstract
692. Celinski, K., Konturek, P. C., Konturek, S. J., Slomka, M., Cichoz-Lach, H., Brzozowski, T., and Bielanski, W. Effects of melatonin and tryptophan on healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers with Helicobacter pylori infection in humans. J.Physiol Pharmacol. 2011;62(5):521-526. View Abstract
693. Celinski, K., Konturek, S. J., Konturek, P. C., Brzozowski, T., Cichoz-Lach, H., Slomka, M., Malgorzata, P., Bielanski, W., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin or L-tryptophan accelerates healing of gastroduodenal ulcers in patients treated with omeprazole. J.Pineal Res. 2011;50(4):389-394. View Abstract
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696. Crowley, S. J., Lee, C., Tseng, C. Y., Fogg, L. F., and Eastman, C. I. Combinations of bright light, scheduled dark, sunglasses, and melatonin to facilitate circadian entrainment to night shift work. J Biol.Rhythms 2003;18(6):513-523. View Abstract
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704. Wright, S. W., Lawrence, L. M., Wrenn, K. D., Haynes, M. L., Welch, L. W., and Schlack, H. M. Randomized clinical trial of melatonin after night-shift work: efficacy and neuropsychologic effects. Ann Emerg.Med 1998;32(3 Pt 1):334-340. View Abstract
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725. Garstang, J. and Wallis, M. Randomized controlled trial of melatonin for children with autistic spectrum disorders and sleep problems. Child Care Health Dev. 2006;32(5):585-589. View Abstract
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747. Schernhammer, E. S., Giobbie-Hurder, A., Gantman, K., Savoie, J., Scheib, R., Parker, L. M., and Chen, W. Y. A randomized controlled trial of oral melatonin supplementation and breast cancer biomarkers. Cancer Causes Control 2012;23(4):609-616. View Abstract
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754. Nickkholgh, A., Schneider, H., Sobirey, M., Venetz, W. P., Hinz, U., Pelzl, le H., Gotthardt, D. N., Cekauskas, A., Manikas, M., Mikalauskas, S., Mikalauskene, L., Bruns, H., Zorn, M., Weigand, M. A., Buchler, M. W., and Schemmer, P. The use of high-dose melatonin in liver resection is safe: first clinical experience. J.Pineal Res. 2011;50(4):381-388. View Abstract
755. Gooneratne, N. S., Edwards, A. Y., Zhou, C., Cuellar, N., Grandner, M. A., and Barrett, J. S. Melatonin pharmacokinetics following two different oral surge-sustained release doses in older adults. J.Pineal Res. 2012;52(4):437-445. View Abstract
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758. Esquifino, A., Agrasal, C., Velazquez, E., Villanua, M. A., and Cardinali, D. P. Effect of melatonin on serum cholesterol and phospholipid levels, and on prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormone levels, in hyperprolactinemic rats. Life Sci 1997;61(11):1051-1058. View Abstract
759. Pita, M. L., Hoyos, M., Martin-Lacave, I., Osuna, C., Fernandez-Santos, J. M., and Guerrero, J. M. Long-term melatonin administration increases polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage in plasma lipids of hypercholesterolemic rats. J Pineal Res 2002;32(3):179-186. View Abstract
760. Tailleux, A., Torpier, G., Bonnefont-Rousselot, D., Lestavel, S., Lemdani, M., Caudeville, B., Furman, C., Foricher, R., Gardes-Albert, M., Lesieur, D., Rolando, C., Teissier, E., Fruchart, J. C., Clavey, V., Fievet, C., and Duriez, P. Daily melatonin supplementation in mice increases atherosclerosis in proximal aorta. Biochem.Biophys.Res Commun. 5-10-2002;293(3):1114-1123. View Abstract
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771. Kucukakin, B., Wilhelmsen, M., Lykkesfeldt, J., Reiter, R. J., Rosenberg, J., and Gogenur, I. No effect of melatonin to modify surgical-stress response after major vascular surgery: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Eur.J.Vasc.Endovasc.Surg. 2010;40(4):461-467. View Abstract
772. Cubero, J., Valero, V., Sanchez, J., Rivero, M., Parvez, H., Rodriguez, A. B., and Barriga, C. The circadian rhythm of tryptophan in breast milk affects the rhythms of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and sleep in newborn. Neuro.Endocrinol.Lett. 2005;26(6):657-661. View Abstract
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781. Munoz-Hoyos, A., Amoros-Rodriguez, I., Molina-Carballo, A., Uberos-Fernandez, J., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Pineal response after pyridoxine test in children. J Neural Transm.Gen Sect. 1996;103(7):833-842. View Abstract
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789. Bartsch, C., Seeger, H., Muck, A. O., and Lippert, T. H. The effect of estradiol on the production of melatonin in postmenopausal women. Int.J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995;33(7):401-403. View Abstract
790. Honma, K., Kohsaka, M., Fukuda, N., Morita, N., and Honma, S. Effects of vitamin B12 on plasma melatonin rhythm in humans: increased light sensitivity phase-advances the circadian clock? Experientia 8-15-1992;48(8):716-720. View Abstract
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792. Norman, T. R., Piccolo, J., Voudouris, N., and Burrows, G. D. The effect of single oral doses of zopiclone on nocturnal melatonin secretion in healthy male volunteers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol.Biol Psychiatry 2001;25(4):825-833. View Abstract
793. Wikner, J., Wetterberg, L., and Rojdmark, S. The role of somatostatin (octreotide) in the regulation of melatonin secretion in healthy volunteers and in patients with primary hypothyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 1999;22(7):527-534. View Abstract
794. Hartman, T. J., Mahabir, S., Baer, D. J., Stevens, R. G., Albert, P. S., Dorgan, J. F., Kesner, J. S., Meadows, J. W., Shields, R., and Taylor, P. R. Moderate alcohol consumption and 24-hour urinary levels of melatonin in postmenopausal women. J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 2012;97(1):E65-E68. View Abstract
795. Savaskan, E., Olivieri, G., Brydon, L., Jockers, R., Krauchi, K., Wirz-Justice, A., and Muller-Spahn, F. Cerebrovascular melatonin MT1-receptor alterations in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Neurosci Lett 7-27-2001;308(1):9-12. View Abstract
796. Savaskan, E., Olivieri, G., Meier, F., Brydon, L., Jockers, R., Ravid, R., Wirz-Justice, A., and Muller-Spahn, F. Increased melatonin 1a-receptor immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of Alzheimer’s disease patients. J Pineal Res 2002;32(1):59-62. View Abstract
797. Skene, D. J. and Swaab, D. F. Melatonin rhythmicity: effect of age and Alzheimer’s disease. Exp.Gerontol 2003;38(1-2):199-206. View Abstract
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799. Wang, S., Zhu, L., Shi, H., Zheng, H., Tian, Q., Wang, Q., Liu, R., and Wang, J. Z. Inhibition of melatonin biosynthesis induces neurofilament hyperphosphorylation with activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5. Neurochem.Res 2007;32(8):1329-1335. View Abstract
800. Zhou, J. N., Liu, R. Y., Kamphorst, W., Hofman, M. A., and Swaab, D. F. Early neuropathological Alzheimer’s changes in aged individuals are accompanied by decreased cerebrospinal fluid melatonin levels. J Pineal Res 2003;35(2):125-130. View Abstract
801. Rodriguez-Franco, M. I., Fernandez-Bachiller, M. I., Perez, C., Hernandez-Ledesma, B., and Bartolome, B. Novel tacrine-melatonin hybrids as dual-acting drugs for Alzheimer disease, with improved acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties. J Med Chem. 1-26-2006;49(2):459-462. View Abstract
802. Castro, M. R., Pastor, A. B., Alcantud, J. F., Salvan, J. H., Osado, I. R., and Roca, A. P. [Altered plasma melatonin concentrations after administration of propofol in continuous infusion]. Rev.Esp.Anestesiol.Reanim. 2007;54(8):469-474. View Abstract
803. Naguib, M. and Samarkandi, A. H. Premedication with melatonin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison with midazolam. Br.J.Anaesth. 1999;82(6):875-880. View Abstract
804. Naguib, M. and Samarkandi, A. H. The comparative dose-response effects of melatonin and midazolam for premedication of adult patients: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Anesth.Analg. 2000;91(2):473-479. View Abstract
805. Naguib, M., Schmid, P. G., III, and Baker, M. T. The electroencephalographic effects of IV anesthetic doses of melatonin: comparative studies with thiopental and propofol. Anesth.Analg. 2003;97(1):238-43, table. View Abstract
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807. Evagelidis, P., Paraskeva, A., Petropoulos, G., Staikou, C., and Fassoulaki, A. Melatonin premedication does not enhance induction of anaesthesia with sevoflurane as assessed by bispectral index monitoring. Singapore Med.J. 2009;50(1):78-81. View Abstract
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811. Sutherland, E. R., Ellison, M. C., Kraft, M., and Martin, R. J. Elevated serum melatonin is associated with the nocturnal worsening of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;112(3):513-517. View Abstract
812. Sutherland, E. R. Nocturnal asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;116(6):1179-1186. View Abstract
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814. Bikjdaouene, L., Escames, G., Leon, J., Ferrer, J. M., Khaldy, H., Vives, F., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Changes in brain amino acids and nitric oxide after melatonin administration in rats with pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. J Pineal Res 2003;35(1):54-60. View Abstract
815. Solmaz, I., Gurkanlar, D., Gokcil, Z., Goksoy, C., Ozkan, M., and Erdogan, E. Antiepileptic activity of melatonin in guinea pigs with pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Neurol.Res. 2009;31(9):989-995. View Abstract
816. Gupta, M., Gupta, Y. K., Agarwal, S., Aneja, S., and Kohli, K. A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of melatonin add-on therapy in epileptic children on valproate monotherapy: effect on glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2004;58(5):542-547. View Abstract
817. Avakian, G. N., Oleinikova, O. M., Kareva, E. N., Bogomazova, M. A., Lagutin, IuV, and Avakian, G. G. [Concentrations of urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin during the treatment of patients with epilepsy: a pilot clinical trial]. Zh.Nevrol.Psikhiatr.Im S.S.Korsakova 2012;112(4):32-36. View Abstract
818. Hallam, K. T., Olver, J. S., and Norman, T. R. Effect of sodium valproate on nocturnal melatonin sensitivity to light in healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005;30(7):1400-1404. View Abstract
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820. Sunami, E., Usuda, K., Nishiyama, Y., Otori, T., Katsura, K., and Katayama, Y. A preliminary study of fluvoxamine maleate on depressive state and serum melatonin levels in patients after cerebral infarction. Intern.Med. 2012;51(10):1187-1193. View Abstract
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822. Hartter, S., Grozinger, M., Weigmann, H., Roschke, J., and Hiemke, C. Increased bioavailability of oral melatonin after fluvoxamine coadministration. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;67(1):1-6. View Abstract
823. Grozinger, M., Hartter, S., Wang, X., Roschke, J., Hiemke, C., and Rose, D. M. Fluvoxamine strongly inhibits melatonin metabolism in a patient with low-amplitude melatonin profile. Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 2000;57(8):812-813. View Abstract
824. Hallam, K. T., Begg, D. P., Olver, J. S., and Norman, T. R. An investigation of the effect of immediate and extended release venlafaxine on nocturnal melatonin and cortisol release in healthy adult volunteers. Hum.Psychopharmacol. 2008;23(2):129-137. View Abstract
825. Li, H. L., Kang, Y. M., Yu, L., Xu, H. Y., and Zhao, H. Melatonin reduces blood pressure in rats with stress-induced hypertension via GABAA receptors. Clin.Exp.Pharmacol.Physiol 2009;36(4):436-440. View Abstract
826. Zaslavskaia, R. M., Komarov, F. I., Shakirova, A. N., Teiblium, M. M., and Akhmetov, K. Z. [Effect of moxonidine monotherapy and in combination with melatonin on hemodynamic parameters in patients with arterial hypertension]. Klin.Med (Mosk) 2000;78(4):41-44. View Abstract
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828. Zaslavskaia, R. M., Shakirova, A. N., Komarov, F. I., Teiblium, M. M., and Akhmetov, K. Z. [Effects of melatonin alone and in combination with aceten on chronostructure of diurnal hemodynamic rhythms in patients with hypertension stage II]. Ter Arkh. 1999;71(12):21-24. View Abstract
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830. Zeman, M., Szantoova, K., Stebelova, K., Mravec, B., and Herichova, I. Effect of rhythmic melatonin administration on clock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the heart of hypertensive TGR(mRen2)27 rats. J.Hypertens.Suppl 2009;27(6):S21-S26. View Abstract
831. Reiter, R. J., Calvo, J. R., Karbownik, M., Qi, W., and Tan, D. X. Melatonin and its relation to the immune system and inflammation. Ann N.Y.Acad Sci 2000;917:376-386. View Abstract
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833. Bilici, D., Akpinar, E., and Kiziltunc, A. Protective effect of melatonin in carrageenan-induced acute local inflammation. Pharmacol.Res 2002;46(2):133-139. View Abstract
834. Bilici, D., Suleyman, H., Banoglu, Z. N., Kiziltunc, A., Avci, B., Ciftcioglu, A., and Bilici, S. Melatonin prevents ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage possibly due to its antioxidant effect. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2002;47(4):856-861. View Abstract
835. Kucukakin, B., Klein, M., Lykkesfeldt, J., Reiter, R. J., Rosenberg, J., and Gogenur, I. No effect of melatonin on oxidative stress after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Acta Anaesthesiol.Scand. 2010;54(9):1121-1127. View Abstract
836. Ravindra, T., Lakshmi, N. K., and Ahuja, Y. R. Melatonin in pathogenesis and therapy of cancer. Indian J Med Sci. 2006;60(12):523-535. View Abstract
837. Barni, S., Lissoni, P., Paolorossi, F., Crispino, S., Archili, C., and Tancini, G. A study of the pineal hormone melatonin as a second line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer resistant to fluorouracil plus folates. Tumori 2-28-1990;76(1):58-60. View Abstract
838. Block, K. I., Koch, A. C., Mead, M. N., Tothy, P. K., Newman, R. A., and Gyllenhaal, C. Impact of antioxidant supplementation on chemotherapeutic efficacy: a systematic review of the evidence from randomized controlled trials. Cancer Treat.Rev. 2007;33(5):407-418. View Abstract
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840. Italian Study Group for the Di Bella Multitherapy Trials. Evaluation of an unconventional cancer treatment (the Di Bella multitherapy): results of phase II trials in Italy. Italian Study Group for the Di Bella Multitherapy Trails. BMJ 1-23-1999;318(7178):224-228. View Abstract
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843. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Crispino, S., Tancini, G., and Fraschini, F. Endocrine and immune effects of melatonin therapy in metastatic cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1989;25(5):789-795. View Abstract
844. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Cattaneo, G., Tancini, G., Esposti, G., Esposti, D., and Fraschini, F. Clinical results with the pineal hormone melatonin in advanced cancer resistant to standard antitumor therapies. Oncology 1991;48(6):448-450. View Abstract
845. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Ardizzoia, A., Paolorossi, F., Crispino, S., Tancini, G., Tisi, E., Archili, C., De Toma, D., Pipino, G., and . Randomized study with the pineal hormone melatonin versus supportive care alone in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer resistant to a first- line chemotherapy containing cisplatin. Oncology 1992;49(5):336-339. View Abstract
846. Lissoni, P., Tisi, E., Barni, S., Ardizzoia, A., Rovelli, F., Rescaldani, R., Ballabio, D., Benenti, C., Angeli, M., Tancini, G., and . Biological and clinical results of a neuroimmunotherapy with interleukin-2 and the pineal hormone melatonin as a first line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 1992;66(1):155-158. View Abstract
847. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Ardizzoia, A., Tancini, G., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. A randomized study with the pineal hormone melatonin versus supportive care alone in patients with brain metastases due to solid neoplasms. Cancer 2-1-1994;73(3):699-701. View Abstract
848. Lissoni, P., Meregalli, S., Fossati, V., Paolorossi, F., Barni, S., Tancini, G., and Frigerio, F. A randomized study of immunotherapy with low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 plus melatonin vs chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide as first-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Tumori 12-31-1994;80(6):464-467. View Abstract
849. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Fossati, V., and Frigerio, F. Pineal-opioid system interactions in the control of immunoinflammatory responses. Ann N Y Acad Sci 11-25-1994;741:191-196. View Abstract
850. Lissoni, P., Paolorossi, F., Tancini, G., Ardizzoia, A., Barni, S., Brivio, F., Maestroni, G. J., and Chilelli, M. A phase II study of tamoxifen plus melatonin in metastatic solid tumour patients. Br J Cancer 1996;74(9):1466-1468. View Abstract
851. Lissoni, P., Meregalli, S., Nosetto, L., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Fossati, V., and Maestroni, G. Increased survival time in brain glioblastomas by a radioneuroendocrine strategy with radiotherapy plus melatonin compared to radiotherapy alone. Oncology 1996;53(1):43-46. View Abstract
852. Lissoni, P., Paolorossi, F., Tancini, G., Barni, S., Ardizzoia, A., Brivio, F., Zubelewicz, B., and Chatikhine, V. Is there a role for melatonin in the treatment of neoplastic cachexia? Eur.J Cancer 1996;32A(8):1340-1343. View Abstract
853. Lissoni, P., Brivio, O., Brivio, F., Barni, S., Tancini, G., Crippa, D., and Meregalli, S. Adjuvant therapy with the pineal hormone melatonin in patients with lymph node relapse due to malignant melanoma. J Pineal Res 1996;21(4):239-242. View Abstract
854. Lissoni, P., Paolorossi, F., Ardizzoia, A., Barni, S., Chilelli, M., Mancuso, M., Tancini, G., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. J. A randomized study of chemotherapy with cisplatin plus etoposide versus chemoendocrine therapy with cisplatin, etoposide and the pineal hormone melatonin as a first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients in a poor clinical state. J Pineal Res 1997;23(1):15-19. View Abstract
855. Lissoni, P., Rovelli, F., Meregalli, S., Fumagalli, L., Musco, F., Brivio, F., Brivio, O., and Esposti, G. Melatonin as a new possible anti-inflammatory agent. J Biol Regul.Homeost.Agents 1997;11(4):157-159. View Abstract
856. Lissoni, P., Giani, L., Zerbini, S., Trabattoni, P., and Rovelli, F. Biotherapy with the pineal immunomodulating hormone melatonin versus melatonin plus aloe vera in untreatable advanced solid neoplasms. Nat Immun. 1998;16(1):27-33. View Abstract
857. Lissoni, P., Rovelli, F., Malugani, F., Bucovec, R., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. J. Anti-angiogenic activity of melatonin in advanced cancer patients. Neuroendocrinol.Lett 2001;22(1):45-47. View Abstract
858. Lissoni, P., Vaghi, M., Ardizzoia, A., Malugani, F., Fumagalli, E., Bordin, V., Fumagalli, L., Bordoni, A., Mengo, S., Gardani, G. S., and Tancini, G. A phase II study of chemoneuroimmunotherapy with platinum, subcutaneous low-dose interleukin-2 and the pineal neurohormone melatonin (P.I.M.) as a second-line therapy in metastatic melanoma patients progressing on dacarbazine plus interferon-alpha. In Vivo 2002;16(2):93-96. View Abstract
859. Mills, E., Wu, P., Seely, D., and Guyatt, G. Melatonin in the treatment of cancer: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis. J Pineal Res 2005;39(4):360-366. View Abstract
860. Neri, B., de, Leonardis, V, Gemelli, M. T., di Loro, F., Mottola, A., Ponchietti, R., Raugei, A., and Cini, G. Melatonin as biological response modifier in cancer patients. Anticancer Res 1998;18(2B):1329-1332. View Abstract
861. Todisco, M., Casaccia, P., and Rossi, N. Cyclophosphamide plus somatostatin, bromocriptin, retinoids, melatonin and ACTH in the treatment of low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas at advanced stage: results of a phase II trial. Cancer Biother.Radiopharm. 2001;16(2):171-177. View Abstract
862. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Meregalli, S., Fossati, V., Cazzaniga, M., Esposti, D., and Tancini, G. Modulation of cancer endocrine therapy by melatonin: a phase II study of tamoxifen plus melatonin in metastatic breast cancer patients progressing under tamoxifen alone. Br J Cancer 1995;71(4):854-856. View Abstract
863. Lissoni P, Ardizzoia A, Barni S, and et al. A randomized study of tamoxifen alone versus tamoxifen plus melatonin in estrogen receptor-negative heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients. Oncology Reports 1995;2:871-873.
864. Lissoni, P., Tancini, G., Barni, S., Paolorossi, F., Ardizzoia, A., Conti, A., and Maestroni, G. Treatment of cancer chemotherapy-induced toxicity with the pineal hormone melatonin. Support.Care Cancer 1997;5(2):126-129. View Abstract
865. Casado-Zapico, S., Rodriguez-Blanco, J., Garcia-Santos, G., Martin, V., Sanchez-Sanchez, A. M., Antolin, I., and Rodriguez, C. Synergistic antitumor effect of melatonin with several chemotherapeutic drugs on human Ewing sarcoma cancer cells: potentiation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(1):72-80. View Abstract
866. Miller, S. C., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Esquifino, A. I., Cardinali, D. P., and Maestroni, G. J. The role of melatonin in immuno-enhancement: potential application in cancer. Int.J Exp Pathol. 2006;87(2):81-87. View Abstract
867. Orendas, P., Kassayova, M., Kajo, K., Ahlers, I., Kubatka, P., Bojkova, B., Pec, M., and Ahlersova, E. Celecoxib and melatonin in prevention of female rat mammary carcinogenesis. Neoplasma 2009;56(3):252-258. View Abstract
868. Lissoni, P. Modulation of anticancer cytokines IL-2 and IL-12 by melatonin and the other pineal indoles 5-methoxytryptamine and 5-methoxytryptophol in the treatment of human neoplasms. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;917:560-567. View Abstract
869. Suwanjang, W., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P., and Chetsawang, B. The protective effect of melatonin on methamphetamine-induced calpain-dependent death pathway in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48(2):94-101. View Abstract
870. Sonmez, M. F., Narin, F., and Balcioglu, E. Melatonin and vitamin C attenuates alcohol-induced oxidative stress in aorta. Basic Clin.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 2009;105(6):410-415. View Abstract
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872. Murawska-Cialowicz, E., Jethon, Z., Magdalan, J., Januszewska, L., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Zawadzki, M., Sozanski, T., and Dziegiel, P. Effects of melatonin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in the liver, kidneys and brain of rats administered with benzo(a)pyrene. Exp.Toxicol.Pathol. 2011;63(1-2):97-103. View Abstract
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999. Okatani, Y., Wakatsuki, A., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin counteracts potentiation by homocysteine of KCL-induced vasoconstriction in human umbilical artery: relation to calcium influx. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1-26-2001;280(3):940-944. View Abstract
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1015. Wakatsuki, A., Okatani, Y., Ikenoue, N., Shinohara, K., Watanabe, K., and Fukaya, T. Melatonin protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced inhibition of nitric oxide production in human umbilical artery. J Pineal Res 2001;31(3):281-288. View Abstract
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1019. Maciel, F. E., Ramos, B. P., Geihs, M. A., Vargas, M. A., Cruz, B. P., Meyer-Rochow, V. B., Vakkuri, O., Allodi, S., Monserrat, J. M., and Nery, L. E. Effects of melatonin in connection with the antioxidant defense system in the gills of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata. Gen.Comp Endocrinol. 1-15-2010;165(2):229-236. View Abstract
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1021. Franca, E. L., Feliciano, N. D., Silva, K. A., Ferrari, C. K., and Honorio-Franca, A. C. Modulatory role of melatonin on superoxide release by spleen macrophages isolated from alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Bratisl.Lek.Listy 2009;110(9):517-522. View Abstract
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1024. Lopez-Burillo, S., Tan, D. X., Mayo, J. C., Sainz, R. M., Manchester, L. C., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin, xanthurenic acid, resveratrol, EGCG, vitamin C and alpha-lipoic acid differentially reduce oxidative DNA damage induced by Fenton reagents: a study of their individual and synergistic actions. J Pineal Res 2003;34(4):269-277. View Abstract
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